Copy and improve continuously. Explore the modern lens genes
New lens design come from?
Modern lens design using a computer program to complete, but few can find a new lens is a figment of birth. panasonic lumix dmc-fs20 charger Stylist is from existing design to, then optimized. Of course,
lens designers won't say "this one camera sucks, we take it as a starting point,". They usually have very good design is based on the further improvement.
So the camera like Darwin's bird, is strictly abide by the laws of the survival of the fittest. Good lens is copied and improvements, and until the different manufacturers
launch similar products; And bad lens is will soon extinguished.
We were surprised to find that, in fact, any one modern lens of genes can be traced back to one of five teams forward lens with four, which was created in 1900. This is a
surprising fact: whatever you use which team lens, it is the foundation of the structure was born in around 1900.
Lens genes important?
In fact, a little bit. The original shot the form, more or less have their respective advantages and shortcomings. Modern lens also inherited their these "personality". The lens
of the modern use complex technology panasonic cgr-d210 charger is used to correct the original design of the defects existing in.
Understand a lens of genes is very interesting. For example, we can know that $400 worth of Canon (Canon) 50 mm f / 1.4 and $8000 worth of Cook Panchro 50 mm film
of the same basic design. Technically very interesting also: Canon 50 mm f / 1.4 and 50 mm f / 1.2, and pleasant to horse (Sigma) 50 mm f / 1.4, Nikon (Nikon) 50 mm f /
1.4 G and the blessing of Aaron (Voigtlander) 50 mm f / 1.1 and so on all use the same basic design. This explains why they are all like the edge of scattered and sphere is
poor.
Early lens design
The first team of the camera is very simple. But long before photography, people have found two important law:
1, crescent lens can simple spherical lens correction sent and like a crooked. 2 and elimination ShuangGe lens can correction off color off color.
Crescent lens (left) and ShuangGe lens (right)
In silver version of Gail photography panasonic ag-dvx100a charger method after the invention, the design development of the cameras in a day. Of the 20 th century appeared on the market a lot of all
kinds of lens, most of which have disappeared, but with six, which 5 spending now 1900-" reproduction "out of the most of the scenes we use today. 6 a is the cart before
the horse telephoto lens, the 1920 s began to appear in the film industry, to 30 s to first appeared in the SLR cameras.
With six of the camera is the ancestors of the modern lens
In the first part of this paper, we look at this from with six "primitive" the three for the camera. If you use the SLR cameras filming, and has 50 mm or 100 mm fixed-focus
camera, may well find that they came from the three teams among lens. If you use the axis camera, medium format or high-end camera, so you use every a fixed-focus
camera (including wide Angle) can be found from their source.
Petzval portrait lens
Advantages: large aperture center excellent sharpness, dark small Angle.
Weakness: the obvious like taking and like field bending restricted its focal length can't do is long.
History: before 1850 design, this is a very important lens, is like half a century the pillar of the photographer. Relative to character, there are few modern lens from Petzval,
but not until 1950 years ago, it is the first choice of measuring projector and motion-picture machine. It is also the foundation of f1.9 kodak film, used for 16 mm camera
kodak.
Symmetrical (Rapid Rectilinear) lens
Advantages: the symmetrical design almost completely eliminate distortion, hui image difference and lateral off color.
Faults: has the appearance panasonic hdc-sd100 charger spherical aberration, like games like the tendency of bending and scattered, thus limiting large aperture practical. Even in general aperture, based
on the design of the modern lens also needs to have extra element to eliminate as poor, sometimes will increase the complexity of the lens and cost.
History: Rapid Rectilinear lens appeared in the 1860 s, is the first team with good quality symmetric structure of optical lens. It provides the aperture for photographers
appropriate wide Angle lens, and almost no distortion. From the s to the century (1900) they are used for scenery and architecture photography. With the emergence of new
lens, Rapid Rectilinear lens for poor and like games like bending is optimized, make its performance more outstanding.
Rapid Rectilinear development process
1890 years of symmetrical structure of the CaiSi appear (Zeiss) Protar (first name Anastigmat, meaning no like taking), is considered as the first one modern photography
lens. After a long-term development, better lens manufacturing technology allows the use of more lens, and the size of the group and the mirror also get the optimization,
but still retains the middle the uniformity of the aperture. Today's Schneider (Schneider) Angulon and measurement card (Leica) Super Angulon are directly from Protar.
CaiSi found that if the mirror group rather than agglutinate separation, can further reduce off color. This one lens-day plug (Tessar)--look a bit like the Cook Triplet will be
discussed later. Designer Paul Rudolph may have been Triplet, but on the day plug undoubtedly comes from Protar (Ed note: also have ideas that day from Triplet, plug
here that keep the original).
Today many excellent lenses are days of simple plug improved: Leitz Elmars, CaiSi Sonnars, kodak Ektars, snyder Xenars, blessing of Aaron Heliostigmats and Skopars, even
including panasonic lumix dmc-fz18 charger nikon 50 mm f / 1.8 is day plug varieties (Ed note: nikon 50 mm f / 1.8 should be double gaussian structure, here keep original statement). If you have 35-110
mm focal length good quality and reasonable price of the lens, the largest aperture is usually f / 2.8, then it is probably day plug structure
In the SONY, panasonic, Olympus, nikon d90 battery samsung micro single camera has released after 2, 3 generation product, with 2 section type nikon finally with four lens to enter the market. Nikon for his own micro single camera-although they are ambiguous attitude-the name of the nikon 1, implies new beginning. In 1 series after nikon released, almost all the attention of attention was focused on that piece of small size sensor. Although we issued a formal nikon 1 in half a year ago reported its focal length multiplier May 2.6 2.7 x, but in a way after, everybody's response is still the big shout down.
In the sensor size outside, still have a lot of nikon 1 worth the read. For the first time such as the so-called "speed beyond D3x" EXPEED 3 image processor, such as "far more advanced than Fuji" sensor hybrid focusing system, such as first appear "dynamic snapshot" and "intelligent photos selector" model and so on. In the test, the graphics performance besides, these same is the place of our attention.
Nikon has said the department of 1 target customers to upgrade from portable camera, and did not accept the heavy and complicated operation of the camera to the user. Although they emphasized repeatedly the nikon 1 and the existing micro single products completely different, nikon d7000 battery and refused to officially use "the single" name (and not against users use), but in fact no matter from product features or target population to see, this is the one that are only nikon wishful thinking. Panasonic GF3, Olympus E-PL3 and SONY NEX-3 all have the same position.
In the single nikon before release, panasonic has with GH, G, GF, Olympus E-P, with E-PL, E-PM, with SONY NEX-3, 5, and 7 basic completed the single market of the layout of the 3. Although a launch J1 and V1 2 section type, but the main system and position in and no difference. To this, nikon r&d department Mr Masahiro Suzuki explanation says 2 section type are for the portable camera users upgrade, but each have different shooting style. J series for those who want to gain and portable camera the same experience (only LCD) users, and V series for the more advanced user. It also explains why the J series nikon only arranged a dial the wheel-reducing operation complexity.
Fuselage and control (a)
To have experienced panasonic GF or SONY NEX cameras of users, to get the first impression after V1 difficult "frivolous" connected. 113 x 76 x 43.5 mm appearance size even more than the panasonic GF2 (113 x 68 x 33 mm), not to mention SONY NEX-5 N (110.8 x 58.8 x 38.2 mm). The 383 g of the weight of the existing micro list in no opponent (but and entry-level 500 g of the weight of the above SLR compared is still light).
Although the volume and weight makes the V1 and "thin portable" widely separated from each other, but in the use of the author, nikon d80 battery this would be an advantage: and other pursuit of the fuselage frivolous competitors, the center of gravity of the basic on the fuselage V1 center. Support the position of the camera and pressing the shutter button key hair force far apart, won't lead to additional jitter (if the center of gravity in the lens is pressing the shutter button, the key will send force and a support form a long position, it is apt to cause the camera moment "look up").
In addition, thick body more conducive to hold the, the heavier and more stability for the fuselage. In the author's use, even in 1/13 with a single hand even s shooting is a chance to win clear pictures. The proper weight and thickness, with inferior smooth black grinding surface, V1 to give users feel quite well. Like the more important than such frivolous feel of users, the experience of V1 better than other products.
Home > > > text information equipment evaluation "Speed review" nikon small single 1 V1 The 2011-11-09 10:50 source: new photography all comments article 23 into BBS
Fuselage and control (2)
In the layout is develop V1. Cancel the traditional P/A/S/M model-of course these functions are available, but can only go to the options menu Settings, instead "animation", "still images", "intelligent photos selector" and "dynamic snapshot" four modes of two modes-after almost no role. Need to mention is the mode dial the wheel very easy touch by mistake. Generally take in the hand the opportunity to change the mode inadvertently is very high. nikon d3100 battery But in fact the wheel damping is not small.
V1 multiple dial with traditional dish also set up different-in this position appeared a rare AE/AF locks and exposure compensation, and left key also withheld only self-time timing choice, cancel the shutter mode. Hard to understand is, such a position in "portable camera upgrade users" upgrade products, why would let AE/AF lock occupies a entity keys? Whether the engineers thought of the nikon user will be keen to abandon according to the operation of the shutter button and a half way, and the choice is independent AE/AF lock button? Even if the author in the SLR cameras to use independent focus button, but also a all useless to the function.
Multiple dial plate on the dial in ordinary filming, no role in M mode used to adjust aperture in the menu on the direction key role. Need to mention is the dial the dish some partial V1 loose. In replay photo is easy to "automatic" turn to the next. Sometimes the response of the operation to turn and will slow a beat.
At the upper right thumb operation area, tied for the "F" key and the control dial the stem. The two buttons in different mode plays a different role. Such as switching mechanical/electrical shutter, adjusting aperture, enlarge photos, etc. The two buttons design is very practical, although in normal filming will not frequently used.
More unfortunately V1 the all buttons don't provide custom function.
For to V1, exposure mode, GanGuangDu, and white balance, shutter mode, nikon COOLPIX S230 battery focusing area, FangDou etc all need access to menu choices. Relative to other similar products for, the menu is do the V1 most Jane-only playback, the photography and camera one of the three Settings, provides necessary and sufficient function. But in concise also have complex outside, such as each time you select a white balance Settings, will enter the white balance fine-tuning interface, can't skip.
Love is Thanksgiving samsung standard qing F70 perfect video camera
Thanksgiving originated in the west, but such a full of strong feelings jvc battery charger of warm color festival, have already in have the formal state China took root and grew. Every holiday ago, people or visit friends and relatives or family reunions and express gratitude. Samsung standard qing camera F70 will depend on the video screen, strong clear the intelligence of the auxiliary function together to get perfect time record.
Love is Thanksgiving samsung standard qing F70 perfect video camera
Standard clear video relaxed video
Samsung F70 is a CMOS image sensor carried the digital camera, more accurate and rich color reduction, and at the same time to film the resolution for the 1280 x720 high-definition video. Compared with the traditional CCD sensor CMOS, can a greater degree of avoid by light, the light from the sun glare phenomena such as the cause, let users easy to take the ideal clear picture. Furthermore, in standard qing shooting model F70 under the frame rate can be up to 50 frames per second manufacture progressive-scan (50 p), is the other 50 I camera amount of data 2 times, whether in the camera on the computer and playback or family friends share, guarantee that video playback more fluent.
Love is Thanksgiving samsung standard qing F70 perfect video camera
In such a with family and friends gather the happy moment, in the hands of a small camera shooting video also can not only can photograph is undoubtedly a great delight. F70 has the photos were function, can take 1.6 million pixels of static pictures, experience of two different images taken of the fun.
Be worth what carry is, when all foods and wines and full, friends and relatives left, you can pass the intelli-studio F70 built-in image software, and computer links, jvc bn-v814 charger easy to achieve, editor of the video playback, anytime, anywhere and family friends aftertaste and share happiness and laughter.
Strong intelligence wonderful deduce
In addition to standard clear video shooting outside, samsung F70 characteristics of intelligent scene recognition, intelligent background noise and so on, the function is strong bids. Among them intelligent scene recognition of function, portrait, landscape, and less at night and so on many kinds of shooting environment identification, do good to be automatic optimization Settings, let users can easily cope with all kinds of complicated environment of shooting, obtain better than previous picture.
Love is Thanksgiving samsung standard qing F70 perfect video camera
Intelligence background noise function is a feature of the F70, use camera video playback can join a background music, at the same time, according to the background music video audio volume for automatic adjustment, the video images to significantly enhance the appeal, let warm festival atmosphere more strong.
Powerful zoom control points
For the camera for, whether they have strong optical zoom performance is very important. Samsung F70 equipped with schneider lens, has the formidable 52 x optical zoom (65 times intelligent zoom) performance, can easily will pull to distant scene before, let users in big games party photos can also ease, easily get clear the video screen details.
Love is Thanksgiving samsung standard qing F70 perfect video camera jvc bn-vf707u charger
In everyday photography, in order to effectively use slow at high magnification, the optical zoom filming because caused by shaking hands shook image sense, F70 use of advanced digital image stabilization, let users get a clear picture of the smooth.
Before taken for auto show equipment is ready to/photography skill overall look
The ninth session of guangzhou as a domestic auto show panasonic lumix dmc-fz28s battery an important car expo in exhibition opening today, gathering all brand new vehicles at home and abroad, natural
attract public attention, but as photography theme, the auto show and beautiful models, they will become the auto show another beautiful scenery line. No matter you are
take cars or take beauty, attend auto show shooting must prepare for hand equipment wants to play a good, also be some preparation. According to their own a little below
small make up experience and other related material, comprehensive some shooting the show's attention and would like to give you a little skill with cameras filming process
of friends reference.
Auto show equipment panasonic lumix dmc-zs3 battery is ready to/photography skill overall look Auto show equipment is ready to/photography skill overall look
Auto show to the shooting
First of all, of course, is the equipment the ready to pull, card or cell phone video camera friends certainly no too many questions need to consider, directly take on ok. SLR
cameras on the lens selection, if you have multiple lens and you are willing to take is certainly can. But in the auto show, the general audience crowded field to frequent
exchange lenses are not very reasonable things, so if only take a shot of words, the individual thinks the best option is to 70-200 mm telephoto zoom lens this, because
most people want to shooting model, it can be a telephoto lenses in the place after photographed by good pictures, and can throw off the scene is complicated background.
Wide Angle lens is also a play room, but will need very difficult crowded to the front of the crowd to do need to have a good works, such as a model with wide Angle of car
body. Lens aperture is necessarily the bigger the better, because we will show in some not the position of the shoot the film, large aperture lenses let us in no flash can
calmly shoot.
equipment Small make up in media day of shooting into gear
In the function of auto flash shooting is very big, so has all the absolute being light must take, flashing a light to the auto show the auxiliary function is very important, is
make good works of a capable accessories. panasonic lumix dmc-fx33 battery Feet frame, auto show is not suitable on a tripod, so we can bring only feet frame to support the camera to save energy and the
stable effect (if not telephoto lenses does not need to foot shelves and have no feet frame may be more flexible). The rest is memory card and the problem of battery, must
be absolutely certain that memory card and battery not wrong, or to the auto show good cars and face beauty, but can't filming will know that pain.
Only feet frame Have only feet frame calm a lot
In addition to equipment outside, we need to know in advance shooting auto show the distribution of the auto show, according to each brand position, general determine
their walk shooting line. Because a lot of car manufacturer in the auto show will arrange some wonderful performance, if can know in advance to the related information and
reasonable arrangement of the words in your route so that your work may be more rich content.
Auto show equipment is ready to/photography panasonic lumix dmc-fz8k battery skill overall look The big brands models are compared on the spectrum (models but idol xu jinglei)
Many friends may think the car brand of the more senior please model will be more beautiful, but are not necessarily correct oh, they please model fit is brand temperament
is given priority to, and in a few small brand booth will have very beautiful model appear.
As British photographer panasonic Lumix DMC-FP8 battery frank Hector holt said: "everything in life, no more than is light and shadow, and when you see a beam of light from the window. You should
immediately shot into the shadows, both thought of not exist;"
Now that photography is "light painting", so the shadow of less than a light ray will paint is also an important aspect of the process. Although in photography creation people
often ignored the shadow part, even intentionally avoid shadows, but it is still many photographic works of the elements of a vivid, the photographer with slight thinking, can
the innovative use of shadow; Improved photography works.
Learn to use the shadow of the first step was to try to strengthen the consciousness of the shadow attention until become a habit, and to learn the difference between could
become part of the shadow of the works that would be interesting and scattered the audience attention, to break a good picture of the shadow. Photography, we usually eyes
often only pay attention to the main interest points, and ignored the existence of the shadow. In addition, the human eye feel the intensity of light range than any film can feel
range, so, when normal exposure, pictures of the shadow than the actual shadow generally appear more black, but also can appear what you don't pay attention to of the
shadow. So, learn to prior consciousness to subjects and its effect on the shadow, is very important.
Shadow to the nature of the nature of light line. Cloudy light scattering forms when the diffuse light, the light energy produces very soft shadows, it is not obvious, sometimes
even hard to become aware, therefore, often make the foreground subject given in the absence of shadows of the stereo feeling and space.
And in contrast, direct light (including direct sunlight, flash or tengsten lamp direct light from) produce the hard edge of the obvious, the shadow, and it was on the foreground
subject of light contrast sharply. In this case, can often gain beautiful modelling or otherwise. Experienced photographers know the importance of using this shadow. They
usually use a light source for light and shadow, which works in creating and pleasing to the eye, vivid feeling of depth and realism. But, photographer also warned the beginner,
carefully using this technique, otherwise will lead to depression of the eye socket and ugly nose projection.
Generally speaking, in the morning and the evening shadows the longest, if in this shot, can often gain exaggeration and distortion effect. Filming a higher point of view, the
effect will be better. Sunshine is stronger, the shadow is dark, its effect also is stronger. Black shadow due to the lack of attention to the details of the transfer, and can produce
the most intense, the most distinctive form of the picture.
To pay attention to select the concise, distinct and even the shape of the shadow of the shooting as main body, that will be the most vivid, clear and interesting picture. Can
also select the contour of the object shadow used as a clear picture composition. Be like likely, can also be on your intentions to decoration them to obtain the picture. But want
to notice, sometimes the background of the shadow of the subject can be terribly distracting attention. To avoid to be a shadow is difficult to identify the dark piece appear,
because it will not only distracting, and can't provide any useful content. Filming a little move the brain, to carefully select the camera Angle of the light source and the position
of the body was taken, and can use the shadows of the background to the main body add new idea.
The strong, have certain of the direction of YangYing, if is as a balanced picture or enhance perspective structure elements, will be in a picture composition to play a major role.
Especially want to notice the crosses in within the frame figures, buildings, trees and plants shadows, they may help to emphasize space in the picture, perhaps will draw and
divided into several parts. The shadow of the produce of the obvious cross-court may interwoven in the pictures, and cause bright abstract design.
In the picture the shadow of large area, sometimes produce unexpected charm. U.S. photographer E ยท wes's experience shows that this: "the traditional photography rules, is it
into consideration while taking pictures of the shadow of the exposure, and to take strong light. I approach of the opposite: the main consideration of the part of the strong
light exposure, to take the part of." The method proved wes was part of the success of works, because in his works, large areas of Yin shadow was to deal with much character.
When shooting future is mixed and disorderly and hard to avoid the scenery, the use of the area is very effective. Sometimes to take a house just finished building, but suddenly
found that was too late to remove foreground panasonic Lumix DMC-FS3 battery area of construction machinery, old scaffolding and other sundry, at this time will choose the buildings were strong sunlight
irradiation, and prospects in the shadow of the dark but a moment to film. The Ming shadow help subduction distracts all the details. Exposure to remember from strong light
area in a accurate readings of the exposure, such, shadow details could because of exposure enough to be displayed. Whether morning or evening, by the sky rather low direct
sunlight produce modelling, the architecture photography is very favorable. This light shadows, not only can show the shape of the buildings, still can show the texture of the
building. When the sky light and shade no shadow Ning, building a photographer to take usually but not, because they know that, at this time, make sure the picture is simple
and boring;
Except as a composition of the shadow available-' kind of elements outside, still have its own value. Sometimes, as long as you look carefully, will be in the shadow of the cover
areas, found in direct sunlight can't get abnormal subtle and often is beautiful soft color. In the bright sunlight shot of the portrait, the character of the skin texture and hair panasonic Lumix DMC-FX07 battery
texture may appear not beautiful, however, with a little make subjects into the shadow region, and adapt itself to the exposure, and you will find dazzling things disappear, and
in its place is a series of subtle, increase the glamour of the image is tonal.
In the use of film, America's photographer John, sea division thinks, spotmeter exposures with slide often can better the shadow of color; And because of the large color
negative tolerance, can maintain a certain level, and will make the shadow effect weakens. The odd division still told the photographer, beware of the intake of itself the picture.
If the back to sunlight photos, so light source of the Ming projected out of their own shadow, he is likely to appear in pictures, and shooting should pay special attention to.
Sometimes, of course, a photographer panasonic Lumix DMC-FX10 battery with his shadow have to show they are on the scene, and that is another... The picture.
