The Renaissance and Development of machinery industry in China
Machinery industry is closely related with the fixed asset investment growth,
we expect the Eleventh Five-Year period of Chinas economic growth will be
slightly lower than the fifth period of growth, fixed asset investment growth
will also be more fifth during slowed, but is expected to increase. China's
State Council executive meeting on the 4th approved in principle the equipment
manufacturing industry restructuring and revitalization plan, this plan made it
clear that speed up the revitalization of equipment manufacturing industry, we
must rely on national key construction projects, large-scale independent of the
major technologies and equipment to carry out the work.
Experts pointed out that the equipment independently of the biggest
highlights of this plan. To promote the equipment independently, relying on the
planning requirements for efficient and clean power generation, ultra-high
voltage power transmission, coal and metal ore mining, pipeline and liquefied
natural gas storage and transportation, high-speed rail, urban rail transit and
other areas of key projects, targeted to achieve the key products of domestic
manufacture; combination of iron and steel, automobiles, textiles and other
major industries, key projects, promoting the equipment independently.
China Machinery Industry Federation, said Deputy Secretary-General Song
Xiaogang, equipment manufacturing industries for the national economy,
technology and equipment of the strategic industries, and equipment
independently of not only the development of equipment manufacturing industry
itself, but also to the country s economic security.
China National Machinery and equipment development into the best period of
development transfer of world manufacturing, China is gradually becoming the
worlds factory. United States, Germany, Korea and other countries have already
entered the era of industrialization and the development of microelectronics era
of high-tech intensive, steel, machinery, chemical and other heavy industries
are gradually made transfer in developing countries. Chinas current economic
development has been the early stages of development, the development of heavy
industry is in the middle.
To improve the basis for China s equipment manufacturing spare parts and
basic level of technology, planning that, to enhance Forging, basic components,
processing aids, special raw materials and other ancillary products, skills,
reinforce the basis for industrial development.
In this regard, China First Heavy Industries Group Corporation Wu Shengfu
said, good basic parts of the industry is of great significance. Although China
can produce a number of large equipment, but has been unable to keep up a good
solution to the problem of key components, some of the important bearings,
hydraulic components, pressure vessels and other long-term dependence on
imports.
The future development will continue to benefit from the revitalization of
the equipment of the national police equipment, policies to promote the
revitalization of domestic demand. June 28, 2006 to accelerate the
revitalization of the State Council on Several Opinions of the equipment
manufacturing industry (hereinafter referred to as Opinions) issued the
Opinions that future development will focus on 16 major areas, namely:
Power generation, power transmission, petrochemical, coal chemical industry,
sheet metal rolling, fully mechanized coal mining, shipbuilding, railway and
mass transit, environmental protection, construction machinery, control and
precision instruments, machine tools, textile machinery, agricultural machinery,
IT equipment and aircraft. Opinions not only for equipment.
The future development of equipment manufacturing industry clear direction
and goals, but also support the policy put forward a series of measures,
including tax incentives, financial support is conducive to long-term health of
the machinery industry, rapid development. Expected in the Opinion and its
related policies and other policies to promote the revitalization, Chinas
machinery industry will maintain robust growth in domestic demand.
Verticle roller crusher sets the paradigm for crushing equipment
Since the grinding track is horizontal and the centre of gravity of the
roller system only moves vertically, all impact forces and dynamic reactions are
mainly vertical and thus easy to accommodate. The extremely low mass of the
roller suspension system means low total inertia and thereby low dynamic
forces.
In the event of excessive vibrations of the roller system, the lower inertia
also limits the dynamic loads on the grinding table and thrust bearing in the
gear box as well as on the surroundings.
The variation in hydraulic force is greatly limited by means of the
nitrogen-filled accumulators connected to the cylinders, which act as springs.
Even though the variation in the grinding bed takes place during operation, the
hydraulic force varies within only a few bars.
The horizontal force into the mill housing normally accounts for 10-15% of
the hydraulic force. The required raw meal quality and capacity are obtained by
easily adjusting the grinding pressure, separator speed, gas flow and dam ring
height.
The roller suspension system permits the hot gas inlet section to be designed
virtually, without restrictions to the gas flow below the grinding table. The
nozzle ring area is adjusted by inserting or removing shims on top of the vanes.
Thereby the gas speed can be reduced to a minimum allowed by the amount of
external circulation. The benefit of the low gas speed in the nozzle ring is a
significant reduction in pressure loss across the nozzle ring and thus a
significant saving in power for the mill fan.
The beneficial design of the hot gas inlet with low pressure loss enables the
mill to be fitted with an oversize nozzle ring. It is not necessary to involve a
larger mill size just to accommodate the gas flow only the nozzle ring and the
separator must be adapted to the higher gas flow. This feature reduces energy
and wear in the crusher.
Design of jaw crusher paying attention to workers safety
To quote a wise crusher operator, Crushing is not just about tons per hour;
it's about safe tons per hour.' But consider that a safe workplace is not
achieved via mere lip service and signage, but rather from the right
mindset--from owners, managers and workers--and from the manufacturers of each
piece of processing equipment.
Importantly, manually digging out the crusher before repairs or restarts puts
workers in dangerous positions. The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
has reported numerous injuries and fatalities incurred when climbing in or under
the jaw to manually clear, repair or adjust the typical older-style jaw crusher. As such, a welcome
market entry is that of modern crusher design, derived from a major impetus to
put safety first while also meeting demand for far greater productivity and ease
of maintenance.
Whether a crusher is jammed by large material or uncrushable debris, or
stalled by a power failure, the chamber must be cleared before restarting.
Manual clearing is a lengthy and risky task, especially since material can be
wedged inside the crusher with tremendous pressure, and dislodging poses much
danger to workers placed in harm's way inside the crusher.
The hydraulic chamber clearing system on the Model 3258 jaw automatically
opens the crusher to a safe position, allowing materials to pass. Its hydraulic
relief protects parts and components against overload damage, and its hydraulic
adjustment reduces maintenance time and maintains safe, consistent crusher
output without the need for manual intervention.
Safety is a culture and should be championed by every worker in the
operation. At the same time, management should respond immediately to each
worker's safety concerns and successes, rather than monitoring only overall team
efforts and targets. And, manufacturers should engineer greater safety as well
as productivity into their units while accompanying their equipment with strong
operational and safety training programs.
It has never been more important to consider the potential hazards of
conventional, older-style crushers versus modern jaw crusher design. And even
during today's challenging economic climate, safety should never be minimized
due to a need to achieve lower prices or costs. Modern crusher design is a major
development in safe material processing--one that allows operations to maximize
productivity while putting safety first.
A Jaw Crusher is one of the main types of primary crushers in a mine or ore processing plant. The
size of a jaw crusher is designated by the rectangular or square opening at the
top of the jaws (feed opening). For instance, a 24 x 36 jaw crusher has a
opening of 24' by 36', a 56 x 56 jaw crusher has a opening of 56' square. Primary jaw crushers are typically
of the square opening design, and secondary jaw crushers are of the
rectangular opening design. However, there are many exceptions to this general
rule.
A Jaw Crusher reduces large size rocks or ore by placing the rock into
compression. A fixed jaw, mounted in a 'V' alignment is the stationary breaking
surface, while the movable jaw exerts force on the rock by forcing it against
the stationary plate. The space at the bottom of the 'V' aligned jaw plates is
the crusher product size gap, or the size of the crushed product from the jaw
crusher. The rock remains in the jaws until it is small enough to pass through
the gap at the bottom of the jaws.
Today's jaw crushers utilize hydraulics to do the heavy work, reducing
maintenance time and keeping workers at a safe distance. The graphics below
illustrate how hydraulics facilitate the toggle removal, eliminating the need
for workers to access under the jaw while lowering heavy items. Hydraulics push
the pitman forward and a lock-out pin is inserted through the side plate
securing the pitman. The toggle is secured for lowering and hydraulic pressure
is reduced in the tension cylinders, freeing the toggle. Hydraulics retract the
toggle beam.
When do impact and attrition occur if crushing process
To maximize crushing, you must marry impact and attrition actions. When size
reduction begins, the material is picked up by the lower liner, moved outwardly
and caught between the crushing members. The impact of the head results in
reduction of material by grinding and by facture of particle-upon-particle
caused by forceful relocation to the particles within the mass.
Even at the closest approach of the attrition members, the liners are still
separated by a layer of small particles of substantial thickness. In most
instances it has been found that a better product and greater usable quantity of
desired size is obtained by increase rather than decrease of gap when it becomes
a question of optimizing crusher capacity and power draw. Therefore, the setting
of the crushing members is not as directly related to the size of the product
required as is the setting in the cone-type crusher.
Remember that during the upward thrust of the rotating head two distinct
processes combine to reduce the feed into a uniform fine product:
1. The impact of coarse particle against fine particle similar to the action
of balls or pebbles in a grinding mill. The progressive structuring of cubical
shaped, fine, particles is clearly shown in these two enlarged views of the
attrition zone. Finely crushed particles are discharged at perimeter of
attrition chamber.
2. The attrition resulting from the high surface friction during forceful
relocation of the particles into smaller voids within the feed mass. In the
Gyradisc crusher, the combination of impact and attrition offers the most
efficient power utilization as compared to other fine crushing or reduction
methods employed today.
The competitive superiority and operating precautions of cone crusher
With the constant growth of china's economic construction, domestic real
estate and domestic highway have made rapid development, crusher industry as
well. The sales and market of the cone crusher also gradually
blossom and the sales volume have significantly improved far more than previous
years.
It is tempting that cone crusher has a very big application prospect. The
root cause lies in the special design and the great performance. Moreover, cone
crusher is a new machine of energy saving, low cost, high productive capacity.
The cone crusher has novel design principle and adopt new crushing technology,
which can meet the different materials, different specificationes of crushing,
and meet requirements of the new process 'more crushing & less gridding'.
The crushing ratio of Cone crusher is bigger, the granularity is fine and
uniform and lower unit power consumption.
This is of importance to operate properly crusher in use, which concerns the
working life of the crusher parts and the crusher. The following is the do's and
don'ts.
(1) The starting and the stopping of cone crusher
A. cone crusher should match the appropriate starting motor according to the
model of crusher.
B. cone crusher should be sequentially started up and closed down.
C. when it starts, cone crusher inside should be empty. After the crusher
remains stable, it is the time that feed in stuff. Feeding in stuff by equality
and can't operating by overload.
D. before stopping the crusher, feeding in stuff should be stopped. By now,
the crusher can be stopped; when the all stuff in the crusher was to be
discharged.
(2) Feeding stuff
A. the stuff that is prepared to put in crusher should comply with the
technical requirements; the size of stuff must not exceed the prescribed scope.
The Moisture content in related to the property, both the proportion must not
more than 15%, so as not to block the machines mouth.
B. feeding the stuff equably, thus can increase the effect of crush and
imporve the work contition.
(3) Discharge
A. discharge opening should ensure clearance, in order to avoid causing the
overloading accidents because of dischage difficultly.
B. the cone crusher should be inspected termly. If the size of stuff is not
comply with the specified size, then should inspect the wear condition of the
hammer, lining plate and the tension situation of V-belt. When those problems
are found, worn parts are replaced and the tensile force of V-belt is
adjusted.
Compare to the traditional crusher equipment, those advantages, such as the
bigger crushing ratio, fine granularity, lower power consumption, crushing
anything hard brittle matters etc, make the cone crusher to be an ideal, energy
saving, superfine crushing equipment.
Rock crushers--also
called non-metallic mineral processing plants--are credited with a variety of
environmental impacts: air pollution; ground and surface water contamination;
solid and hazardous wastes; increased traffic to and from mining sites; and
scenic degradation. As a consequence of these impacts, rock crushing plants in the United
States are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and permitting
requirements.
Ground and Surface Water Contamination
Another important environmental impact of rock crushers is water
pollution from sediment runoff, particularly in temperate climate zones. Excess
sediment clogs streams, causes flooding and harms fish; sediment runoff into
storm water sewer systems can also cause problems.
In drier climates, where groundwater is in short supply, the quantity of
water necessary for rock crushers to wash equipment and control dust may strain
the local water supply. The National Pollutant Elimination Discharge System
(NPDES) program regulates water pollution from rock crushers.
Increased Traffic
Rock crushers can result in a significant increase in traffic and hazardous
conditions for motorists on highways, as trucks filled with gravel or other
material, often uncovered or loosely covered, enter and leave the processing
plants many times per day. This increases the quantity of airborne particulate
matter (dust), diesel exhaust fumes and other air pollutants in and around the
vicinity of the plants.
Air Pollution
Air pollution from dust (also called particulate matter) is the No. 1
environmental impact of rock crushers. Minute particles of dust--10 microns
(.0004 inches or .01 mm) or less in diameter, called PM10--can damage the lungs.
Dust from rock crushing facilities can coat nearby residential and office
buildings.
Scenic Degradation
Rock crushers can destroy scenic views in areas where mining facilities
abound, such as occurs around some large cities in New Mexico, as noted in a
2004 study by the Center for Science in Public Participation.
Other ambient impacts from rock crushers include bright lights from
facilities that operate at night and loud noises from equipment operation that
can be heard up to a mile away.
General layout of crushing plant and its maintenance terms
In mining operations, the layout of crushing plants and ancillary equipment
and structures is a crucial factor in meeting production requirements while
keeping capital and operational costs to a minimum. This paper addresses the
critical design parameters as well as the consideration of ore characteristics,
geographical location, climatic conditions, expected operational life, expansion
potential, safety, environment, and operability and maintainability.
The fundamental goal for the design of a crushing plant is an installation
that meets the required production requirements, operates at competitive cost,
complies with today's tough environmental regulations, and can be built at a
reasonable price despite the rising costs of equipment, energy and construction
labor.
There are three main steps in designing a good crushing plant: process
design, equipment selection, and layout. The first two are dictated by
production requirements and design parameters, but the layout can reflect the
input, preferences and operational experience of a number of parties.
Crushing plants must be designed for ease of access and maintainability if
they are to meet their production goals. Keeping maintenance requirements to a
minimum helps achieve higher overall operating availability. Scheduled
preventive maintenance at crushing plants involves a number of elements,
including: crusher wear parts, screen decks, feeder wear parts, conveyor
skirting and adjustment, Oil and lubrication, conveyor belt repair, visual
inspections, electrical and instrumentation adjustments.
Building for cold-weather operations is very challenging, as is designing a
plant in a desert environment. This is particularly true when year-round
operation is required. Seasonal variations can change ore moisture content, so
the crushing plant must be adaptable to changes in the material flow
characteristics. Higher moisture requires greater angles of withdrawal, and
stoneboxes must be designed to avoid plugging. The crushing plant equipment
itself must be adjustable to climatic changes; for example, screen decks must be
designed to maintain production, possibly by using wire mesh during the wet
season and plastic during the dry. Vary screen deck types dependent on seasons
and material characteristics to achieve maximum passing through deck
openings.
Equipment suppliers are offering ever-larger primary crushers, with 1,800 mm
(72 in) gyratories expected soon, as well as secondary and tertiary machines of
up to 3,000 mm (120 in).
Lists of the impacts on environment and ecosystems from mining
Mining is a process by which the earth is drilled, usually by heavy
machinery, to extract minerals and other materials from beneath the soil. Mining
is carried out to retrieve a number of substances such as coal, gold, iron,
diamonds, potash and uranium. While mining yields important substances for sale
and industrial production, mining also affects the natural environment.
Ecosystems are affected by the physical perturbations of mining operations,
as well as the chemical alterations in soil and water. Mining activities vary,
but can include soil compaction and conversely, removal of the topsoil. These
alterations disrupt nutrient dynamics by minimizing the availability of nitrogen
and phosphorus, lower the pH through the acidification of the soil and can
introduce toxic metals and acids. Depending on the scale and nature of the
mining operation, these effects can be localized to the location of the mining
or, through local hydrology, can extend to nearby aquatic systems, such as
stream, wetlands and lakes.
All mining activities create considerable waste, including acid runoff and
chemical byproducts of refining. Coal mines are particularly prone to acid
runoff. When large amounts of rainwater enters functioning or abandoned mines,
the water becomes acidic and contaminated with heavy metals. The Environmental
Protection Agency estimates that 40 percent of western U.S. watershed have been
contaminated by mine waste. In the United States, the mining industry is the top
toxic polluter. The problems are frequently more pronounced in under-regulated
developing countries, where mining companies can be free to pollute with
impunity. Water pollution from mines has been known to decimate aquatic life,
and seriously impact bird and mammal populations. Water sources used by humans
have also been contaminated, posing serious risks to human health.
Mining operations often contaminate the soil with toxic heavy metals and
acids. Acids can lower the pH of the soil, preventing plants and soil
microorganisms from thriving, and can also react with various minerals in the
soil that are required by plants, such as calcium and magnesium. The hydrogen
ions from the acid absorb the soil particles, preventing other nutrients
required by plants to remain in the soil. These chemical alterations can
interact with soil compaction. Because water isn't moving through the soil
profile, some of the metals and acids can get carried away by the water,
extending the mining effects throughout greater portions of the landscape.
Elkins, Parker, Aldon and Whitford report in their article 'Responses of Soil
Biota to Organic Ammendments in Stripmine Spoils in Northwestern New Mexico,' in
the 'Journal of Environmental Quality,' 1984, that the addition of organic
matter to mined lands can increase water retention in the soil, as well as the
microbial process of nutrient accumulation and processing, potentially
offsetting and minimizing the ecosystem effects from mining operations.
Mining releases particles of various kinds into the air, which has an impact
on air quality. Some of these substances are harmless, such as dust particles,
while others can be potentially dangerous. Dangerous particles include arsenic,
cadmium and lead. Over time, and in sufficient quantities, these dangerous
particles can have an effect on human health, especially respiratory health.
Emphysema is one potential effect of prolonged inhalation of dangerous
particles. These particles can also be ingested or absorbed through the
skin.
Crushing ratio is one aspect affecting crushing result
Crushing ratio also named size reduction ration is a measure of crushing
effect, the concept of common crushing ratio. Crushing ratio is raw material
size and crushed after the product size ratio. It is shown that after the broken
table of reducing the extent of raw materials.
Crushing ration or size reduction ration features the following methods.
1). Crushing material before the maximum particle size of crushed products
maximum particle size ratio calculated I = Dmax / Dmax type Dmax -- broken
before the material of the maximum particle size; Dmax -- broken materials
maximum particle size.
Due to the different habits, maximum size value method. Britain and the
United States in 80% through the sieve mesh material width for the maximum
particle size diameter, China and the former Soviet Union to material 95% can
pass sieve mesh width of maximum particle diameter.
2). Crusher with a feeding opening width and the width of discharge opening
ratio of I = 0.85B / B type B - crusher feeding mouth width; B - crusherwidth of
discharge opening; 0.85 guarantee crusher on the effective width of feed
material. Outlet width of coarse crusher, maximum width of discharge opening; in
crusher takes the minimum width of discharge opening.
3). With average particle size calculation of I = Dcp / DCP type Dcp - broken
before the material with an average diameter of DCP - broken materials; average
diameter.
Hongxing counterattack crusher with big crushing ratio.
The crushing impact
crusher than can achieve more than 50, finished materials particles grain
shape good. Under the impact, being broken down its most vulnerable material
often, this selective fractured planes crushing method, the grain-size uniform,
discharging a cube shapes, fine powder and dust content is low, and so, in need
of situations. Cubes particles For example, prevent slippery pavement of high
grade highway, usually by impact breaker as
eventually broken equipment, producing concrete aggregate.
The cost of power is a major expense in crushing and grinding, so the factors
that control this cost are important.
Recently hydraulic technology is hotshot in crusher design
Most of the current manufacturing crusher drive technology are driving the
use of mechanical equipment and electronic drive to achieve, but recent crusher
manufacturing began to drive technology into the field of hydraulic drive,
hydraulic drive refers to the so-called motor driven hydraulic pump to establish
a certain degree of hydraulic, hydraulic oil through the valve to the specified
cylinder, push the piston movement, but there are some views that the hydraulic
drive technology is outdated, but the characteristics of the hydraulic hybrid
technology is still a lot of applications is widely used with, and meet the
large demand for actual production.
With the changes in market demand and crusher increasing the degree of
competition in the industry, can effectively increase the life of a variety of
crusher equipment, has been following the lower production costs, increase
production of the device after another basic requirement, but as buyers, in
order to increase production, often make the crusher at a high load operating
state, with the temporary increase of production, but has largely depleted the
crusher equipment should have life, and crusher of the hydraulic drive
technology used, not only in improving the efficiency, but also more effective
to reduce the load on the crusher, the crusher equipment to reduce the weight
for the crusher equipment to create a more healthy production environment.
The main structure of the hydraulic crusher includes hydraulic breaker, work
equipment, hydraulic equipment, electrical equipment, controls, hydraulic
breakers can be a special place of mineral aggregate crushing, and removal of
obstruction to the feeder, make it work.
In addition to the hydraulic drive technology in dealing with large volumes
of applications has more advantages, including; big load transfer; extrusion
molding, pressure molding technology; bending, stamping and other forming
processes; connection and assembly processes, etc..
For customers they prefer machinery with high-quality and high-efficiency
Along with the rapid growth of Chinese economy, our country has made great
achievements in various construction, but meanwhile we also pay heavy cost for
resource waste and environmental destruction. The contradiction between economic
development and resources and environment is gradually becoming more acute. The
issue on environmental pollution arouse intense concern among the masses. Thus,
to achieve energy saving and emission reduction needs the full cooperation of
all sectors of society and each enterprise, and the active guidance from the
quality and environment departments is especially of great significance.
As one famous joint-stock enterprise for mining machinery in China, Henan
Hongxing Mining Machinery Co., Ltd. has already placed the plan of energy saving
and emission reduction on the agenda. We positively respond to the national
policy, and strictly adhere to the policy stipulated by the government to
process our products. So we can further improve our company's social influence
while making profits.
Energy saving and emission reduction not only brings social and economic
benefits but also is the responsibility for the mining machinery industry. The
equipments manufactured by Hongxing Machinery Group are strictly in accordance
with the requirements of the national quality and environment departments.
Hongxing Mining Machinery is making every effort to push forward the building of
a new environment-friendly society. Such as, energy-saving coal ball mill, ultra-fine Raymond mill, mobile crushing station, YK
series vibrating screen. These
high-quality and efficient products are well received among most
customers.
The configuration of a mill make great difference for production
In the design of large industrial milling process, when the production scale
and product mix basically determined, how to configure the mill, will directly
affect the milling system design, process effectiveness and economic efficiency.
Our powder making machine is designed with the most advanced host device,
together with a special milling machine technical parameters, selection
processes, unique grinding, hit with technology, investing in rare cases for
process transformation, the effect is significant, with good promotion
prospects.
Production is a milling process design with the goal of the important
indicators, and the mill model, the choice of the number, there is the size of
investment. The milling machine milling process is the core of the device, its
effect is related to grinding flour yield, yield quality and other economic and
technical indicators. Now most of the milling process are selected according to
the first production of mill type and quantity, and then redistributed to the
various aspects of the milling process.
Here, for your better learning about the mill, there are some recommendations
as follows.
(1) Reasonably determine the mill type and quantity of the industrial milling
process more reasonable and better. Mill more, the system assigns the finer
adjustment of the system greater flexibility, the more perfect technology.
(2) Different types of milling machines for use with both investment and
reduce operating costs savings. Meet the process requirements, the mill can mix
different models in order to reduce investment.
Mill production configuration must be designed based on the process is
reasonable, the principle advanced in comparison, the analysis of different
configurations, based on to be preferred in order to achieve the desired effect
of milling process.
Any operation of machinery runs with technical training of operator
As with any piece of complex equipment operating in a difficult environment
and in order to protect your investment, both your operators and technicians
need a good understanding of the equipment, how best to operate it safely and
efficiently and care for it. For example, Raymond mill use and maintenance
in the use of the process, there should be a fixed charge of personnel, the
operator must have a certain level of technology.
1. Before the installation the operator must carry out the necessary
technical training, so that understanding the principles of mill performance,
familiar procedures.
2. For the mill to normal, the device should be developed, the safe
operation of equipment maintenance system can ensure the long-term safe
operation of the mill, and have the necessary maintenance tools and grease and
corresponding accessories.
3. Mill use for some time, maintenance should be carried out, while roller
blade grinding ring repair replacement of wearing parts such as handle, roller
device in use before and after the bolt nut should be carefully examined to see
whether there is loosening , whether to add a little grease.
4. The roller device to use more than 500 hours or so to replace the roller,
the roller bearing kit must be cleaned of all, the damaged parts should be
replaced, fuel pump and the tool can be used to manually add butter gun.
5. Fineness adjustment, according to the size of the material, hardness,
moisture content, the proportion of different degree of processing of different
thickness, can be adjusted at the top of the analyzer, high speed, fineness, low
speed, low fineness. Improve the fineness, the output will be reduced
accordingly, if it is mainly the fan speed when debugging, the user can
flexibly.
6. Ring roller mill scrap the limit, the remaining minimum wall thickness of
not less than 10mm.
7. Stop, stop the feeding, the host continues to He, the residual abrasive
grinding continues, about one minute, turn off the master motor and the motor
analyzer, stop grinding work, and later to stop the fan motor to blow the net
residual powder.
Roll crusher, teeth roll crusher both take an important position
The roller crusher is mainly used for the crushing of medium or
lower-hardness mines and rocks with medium or lower rigidity in the trade of
cement, metallurgy, chemical industry, electric power, coal and other
industrial. The crushing materials include limestone, slag, coke and coal.
This teeth roll crusher apply to coal, metallurgy, mine, chemical industry,
building materials industries more suitable for large coal or coal gangue) crude
(including the broken.
Teeth roll crusher work principle and main structure: teeth roll crusher
mainly adopts special wear-resisting teeth roll high-speed material crushing
(for errupted tooth roll crusher traditional with a low extrusion), formed the
mechanism of high productivity.
The five categories used in the crushing machine, Roll crusher and hammer crusher impact with the
main role belongs to brittle material to break the machine, it is often called
the impact crusher.
Impact crusher and the crusher-based compression, such as jaw, cone and roll
crusher and other match, have the following characteristics:
1). Crushing ratio. Roll crusher can reach the crushing ratio above 50, while
the jaw, cone and roll crusher is difficult to over 20. Thus, in the need for
single-stage crushing of occasions, such as cement industry, limestone crusher, Roll
crusher is widely used.
2). Good product particles. Under the impact, often by crushing the material
level of fragmentation along its most vulnerable, such selective fragmentation
method, the particles with a high probability of a cube shape, so the teeth roll
crusher product content as low as a percentage flakiness 10%, while the jaw,
cone and roll crusher products such as the percentage flakiness will be higher
than 15% of the content. Thus, particles in the cube where needed. For example,
high-grade anti-skid road surface, usually toothed roll crusher to break as the
end device, produced concrete aggregate.
However, because the teeth roll crusher is crushing the material using the
impact theory, the combat conditions, such as: hammer, hammer, impact plate,
etc., in use wear very quickly. This defect, in the long period of time
proportionate to restrict the teeth roll crusher combined range. Can only be
used for crushing of hard materials. Followed by the application of new
wear-resistant materials, roll crusher in cavity design, the rotor structure,
especially the hammer plate materials and chucking methods is fundamentally
different. Roll made of hard rock
crusher, the beginning of the core parts of its hammer to rely on import,
domestic hammer in the 85″ period as a ministerial-level scientific research
projects, project success, not only to replace the entry of domestic plate
hammer, and has been exported to Europe, Japan and other countries.
This teeth roll crusher's frame parts include transmission device, crushing
roller, mechanical spring mechanism, linkage mechanism etc.
Which type of screen is better for vibrating screen
Vibrating screen works
depending on the complex rotary type vibration generated by vibrator. The
vibrating screen is mainly classified into linear vibrating screen and circular
vibrating screen. According to the vibrating type of the screen, the vibrating
screen can be classified into the single shaft vibrator and double shaft
vibrating screen. Vibrating screen is mainly used in mining, smelting, building
materials, coal, refractory materials, light industry, chemical industry,
medicine, food and other industries.
It is very beneficial to improve the working efficiency of a vibrating screen
that the vibrating screen adopts the thin elastic screen net as the screen base.
This screen net is generally made by rubber or polyurethane materials. Which can
decrease the adhesive force between the screen surface and the raw materials,
and it will make the material produce a second high frequency vibration to avoid
blocking the screen hole and at the same time increases the permeability of the
raw material. It also can release the mechanism of the screened material on the
screen surface, which can bare larger vibrating amplitude than the steel-wire
screen net.
Advantages of a metalloid screen net mainly include the following few
points:
1) It can effectively improve the screening efficiency of the vibrating
screen. The screening efficiency of which is 20% higher than that of metal
screen net.
2) It has a better wear resistance and longer service life. The average life
of the metalloid screen is 25 times longer than the metal mesh.
3) It can also reduce the installation time, which improves the operation
rate of the equipment. Due to the non metallic material screen greatly
prolonging the service life of the screen surface and reducing the number of its
replacement, the equipment operating rate of metalloid screen is generally 15%
higher of the metal screen.
4) It can reduce noise, improve the operating environment. When working, the
metal screen not only generates sympathetic vibration with the screen box, it
also produce some fibrillation, which will be more obvious after its worn.
Moreover, the rigid collision of the materials with the box surface and the
vibration of the other components, which all will cause high noise. However, the
metalloid screen is a whole screen plate, which has the certain buffer effect
and can reduce the noise to about 20dB.
Hammer crusher needs examinations and improvements
Hammer crusher is applied
to crushing medium hard and weak corrosive materials. Hammer crusher crush
materials mainly by the shock effect to the materials. Crushing process is
roughly like this: materials enter into the crusher, and then are hit by the
hammer with high-speed rotation. The broken materials obtain kinetic energy from
the hammer, and then run toward the baffles, sieve article. At the same time,
materials impact each other, and been repeatedly broken, some of the materials
discharged from the gap of the sieve article, and some bigger materials will be
impacted, grinded again by the hammer, and become the products with required
granularity.
Disadvantages of the hammer crusher: The hammer and the
sieve article wear easily, especially crushing hard materials. When crushing
sticky materials, the sieve article will be stocked by the materials, and will
cause downtime. So the moisture of the material should not exceed 15%.
The existing problems: The original machine adopts double
screen frame, but because of the middle demi-screen frame directly bears the
impact from the rotor and the chalk,which leading a larger worn of the middle
and less worn on both sides.After the the excessive worn of the middle
demi-screen leads the frame installation insecure and usually appearing the
phenomenon of loose and peeling,which will cause a number of maintenance
work.What's more, the worn middle screen frame equals that the screen of about
14% of the material area were backed up, the broken qualified limestone in here
can't be put out, part of the chalk in crusher is repeatedly broken, leading to
a low efficiency of broken, the time of yield is not high.
The improving measures: 1)Remove the middle demi-vice screen
frame and change the original double screen frame to a single one and then
change the article screen of the original 2 to 1 root the root article screen.
2)The material of the article screen remain unchanged then integrally cast a
strengthen rab in the middle of the article screen to increase strength of the
article screen. 3)And keep the turning circle distance of the hammer between the
article screen invariant after the transformation.
The effect of the improvement: Due to removing the middle
demi-vice article screen frame,the qulified limestone coal pulverizer through
the screening area increased 14% or so of the article, and improve the crusher
of crushing efficiency to a production increased to 65 ~ 75 t/h.The limestone of
former 2.4 kWh/t power consumption has been reduced to 2.0 kWh/t.For every vice
hammer gravel only 15000 t but after reform because of the increased production,
25000 t just needs to change the gravel 1 vice hammer.
And the service life of the article screen frame and screen than before
technical article extended for six months.Because of original article is easy to
wear a sieve ,which leads the machine often to repair and a number of
maintenance work and affect production.The problem has been solved after the
reformation,and every month it will save 2 package stainless steel rod.
High efficiency in mining machinery is the main force
There is an report about China mining machinery industry output: According to
the information, the gross industrial output value of the metallurgical mine
machinery industry in China has reached 177.993 billion RMB this 1 ~ 6 month
increasing at 24.95% over the last year.
The automation,large-scale technology and energy-saving technology of the
crushing screening equipment will be the key topic of the researching in
crushing equipment manufacturing enterprises in the future.Mining crushing
screening equipment is the important equipment of the industrial raw material
and energy production. And the improving efficiency will be the important part
of the energy saving and the resource saving.
With the closing of the large number of small metallurgy, small coal mine,
small cement enterprise, large new concentrator, large coal and large cement plant were generally
built, which means the higher request of of the washing and dressing equipment
was raised. The equipment of great processing capacity, high crushing screening
efficiency and reliable operation is in urgent need.The commonly used crushing
screening equipment include mobile crusher, cone crusher, jaw crusher, impact crusher,
vertical impact crusher, vibrating
screen, sand washing
machine, the feeder and so on.
Experts in the field of mining equipment and machinery are pointing out that
high-efficiency and energy-saving is the developing trend in this industry.
For instance, opencast working equipment is developing for the
high-reliability, energy-saving, high-comfort, auto-operating condition
surveillance and auto control, which adopts many methods, such as power supply
by controllable silicon, timing by AC frequency conversion, concentrated
lubrication by grease, shock absorption, pressure and purification in the cab,
air conditioner and noise elimination.
The development of high-new equipment requires plentiful functional materials
and the application of modern fine crushing technology has become an important
symbol of embodying the technology level.
For the washing equipment, all the countries are exploring the new way to
meet the separating requirement of diversified minerals and different impurities
and make the separating equipment developing for high-efficiency and
diversification. The high-efficiency concentrator substitutes the common
concentrator in some fields and the new filter will develop quickly, such as
auto-filter press with extrusion die and the horizontal belt filter.
Bring up the promising application of artificial sand
The natural sand has several disadvantages compared to artificial sand, which
make artificial sand become the mainstay of stone-production in the field of
construction. Pulled by the need of expanding domestic demand, infrastructure
investment, such as roads, railways etc, is increasing. Such large engineering
project needs lots of high quality sand. However，natural sand is non-renewable
resources, with the large-scale exploitation, is increasingly drying up. In such
a scenario, artificial sand is seen as a welcome alternative to natural sand.
The application of artificial sand will effectively make great contribution to
the development of our life. In the process of sand maker production, sand
making and impact crusher g
equipment is necessary. The raw materials mainly are granite, limestone, basalt,
pebbles etc, through a series of crushing and screening equipment in order to
reach required level.
Artificial sand is widely used in road construction, concrete industry, etc.
As the field of industry application gradually expanded, the gradual application
of natural sand work more and failed to keep pace with the various sectors of
modern world development needs. For the most part, artificial sand is produced
to meet the great needs. More advanced sand making machines
have been invented to push forward human civilization. Now here you can learn
more about the mechanism of the advantages of artificial sand.
(1) artificial sand suitable for large-scale factory production. Can build a
complete management system, responsibility for security, quality,
accountability, quality control laboratory is responsible for sand.
(2) pre-mining companies can mine reserves, the quality of exploration. May,
according to the specific circumstances of mining plans, you can night a
continuous and stable development of space. This has changed now that natural
sand mining plan, no month temporary state.
(3) the strength of artificial sand, including weathered rock, soft rock
small, clay (block) the amount of screening can be manually controlled. Chemical
composition of base metal, stone line, no negative effect on the concrete,
suitable for high-strength concrete and high-performance concrete.
(4) mechanisms of sand particle size distribution, fineness modulus
selective, different lithology choose a different crushing machinery, in order
to achieve certain targets, some equipment is adjustable.
(5) mechanism with a certain amount of powder sand, clay powder and the
composition of these different size are also different, role in the concrete are
also different. Mud and powder fineness, even though there is less than 0.075inl
/ 1, but coffee mud particles mostly less than 0.016, while the powder
particles, mostly in 0.01640.075inl / 1 between (a difference of about 4 times).
Mud is harmful substances, an appropriate amount of powder is useful, it can
allow the cement to fill, the gap between fine sand, sand and easy to make up
the mechanism of poor shortcomings.
(6) artificial sand mixing concrete density, frost, permeability, suitable
high strength, high performance concrete pumping.
First step, first step, and what is the first to start crusher
Normal use guarantee jaw
crusher continuous work normally one of the important factors, improper
operation or do some exercises in the process of the careless, is often cause
equipments and personal accident important reasons. The correct operation is
strictly according to the provisions of the operation procedures.
Before the start of the preparation: in the jaw crusher, must on the
equipment before start full check carefully: check the broken tooth board wear,
adjusted the row of ore mouth size; Check for broken cavity ore, if there is a
chunk of ore, must be removed. Links are loose bolts; Pulley and the protection
of the flywheel outer garment is complete; The triangle leather belt and ties of
spring is the right degree of elasticity; Storage tank (or dry oil storage for
the amount of oil) oil filled with degree and lubrication system in good
condition; Electrical equipment and signal system is normal, etc.
In the startup crusher, should first start before oil pump motor and cooling
system, the three to four minutes, when oil pressure and oil, then start when
normal indicator of the crusher motors.
Later, after the launch of starting crusher over a period of time, the
workshop can start to run for ore equipment. The crusher of ore to should be
gradually increase until full operation.
Operation must be paid attention to, not even ore minerals packed with
crushing cavity, and give a crazy piece of the largest size should not be more
than 0.85 times width mouth to mine. At the same time, to defend excavator
shovel teeth of ore and rig drills have not broken objects into crusher. Once
found that these objects into the broken crushing cavity, and through the
machine row, ore mouth shall immediately notify the belt transport in time, lest
post out into the next paragraph crusher, cause serious equipment accidents.
The operating process, often pay attention to big ore blocks stuck to mine
the mouth, crusher if has stuck, be sure to use iron hook to flipping ore, if
the bulk ore from breaking out of need cavity, should by special appliance,
rigorous hand to work on these, lest produce an accident.
Ball mill came out during
the early 1800s; 1870 within the grinding mill, depending on the progression of
a uniform size marker rod mill; in 1908 it made a self-mill without grinding
mass media. 30-50 years the 20th hundred years,Jaw crusher, the us and Germany
allow us a roll bowl mill, roller mill as well as other vertical type disc
pulverizers. In 2010 is mine mineral processing equipment just as one essential
section of the ball is a bit more rapid growth and development of the.
Ore testing ore
beneficiation test work, according to the mineral processing equipment test
results to determine the degree of difficulty of the ore optional beneficiation
methods and determine the application sorting process, sorting conditions and
may reach the election Do not index. Not only can improve the efficiency of ball
mill grinding, and reduce energy consumption. The rise of the domestic mining
machinery industry is growing rapidly, the ball mill equipment can be considered
large-scale machinery and equipment in the mining equipment, manufacturing of
the cost of energy-saving ball mill is relatively high, hematite ball mill
equipment sales price The reason why such a high, mainly due to higher or more
complex internal structure of the ball mill equipment, high technical content in
the process of production and processing also led to the price of the ball mill
equipment.
To coarse grinding of materials inside first position as soon as the board
from the single compartment in the second warehouse, the warehouse lined with
flat lining, steel ball inside,rotary dryer, the fabric to help
expand grinding. Powder discharged over the discharge grate plate to accomplish
the grinding operation. Structural characteristics of ball mill through the
feeding part, discharging Department, Rotary Department, Transmission Division
(reducer, small transmission gear, motors, electrical control) along with other
major components. Hollow shaft with steel casting, lining Exchangeable, slewing
gear hobbing by casting method, our bodies inlaid canister liner wear, has good
wear opposition.
Ball mill energy consumption for the duration of work landed a lot of the
whole means of cement production, including power usage, integrated power usage
of cement is the reason about 60% -70%, so
how big is the force utilization of 'downsizing' is really a cement
technology workers unremitting goal. Grinding equipment selection, according to
cement and concrete properties (performance,mechanical properties, durability)
since the core, not simply the quest for the development procedure for reducing
power utilization, and also to satisfy the requirements of building
economical.
'Standard density is low, a great ingredient being compatible, well age, high
strength, assist in improving the longevity of concrete will be the high quality
of cement concrete.' As well, also ensures the roll-out of admixtures industry
view, 'admixture of cement industry is effective in reducing the necessary
particle certain to help the performance of cement plays a crucial role.'
The development of ball mill ultrafine technology is a heavy
responsibilities, but I believe in the near future we will have our patent, we
will overcome every difficults in mining machinery, our own plug will be on the
way of the mining machinery.The ultrafine technology of ball mill must be
brilliant tomorrow!
