laptop batteries and laptop chargers, great adapters!
04-01-2011
Supercapacitor industry market prospects (b)
Supercapacitor industry market prospects (b)
Birth of new materials, new high-end products
From a structural point of view, mainly by the super-capacitor electrodes, electrolyte, separator, end plates, lead, and packaging materials, of which the electrode, electrolyte and membrane composition and quality of the performance of the supercapacitor plays a decisive influence on what kind of electrodes used and electrolyte materials will determine the final product of basic types and characteristics.
January 16, 2007, the United States, Texas, a development of electric vehicles energy storage devices, the company named EEStor to break the silence, foreign declared their "milestone" in the type of results: their automatic production line has been analyzed by an independent third party inspection, The key substance of their products barium titanate powder has completed the initial purification, the purity of 99.9994%.
Once mature the technology of industrial production, they developed a new type of super-capacitor power systems ranging from electric cars will replace the laptop all the electrochemical cell. EEStor company people initially suspected the credibility of the results, but now it seems they really like much in the "bragging." Published in April 2006 in accordance with the patent, EEStor energy storage device that is coated with aluminum oxide ceramic powder and glass surfaces. Technically, it is not a battery, but a super-capacitors, which charge within 5 minutes of power can go 500 miles an electric car, electricity is only $ 9. The burning of gasoline to go the same mileage diesel will have to spend 60 dollars.
Compared with the traditional electrochemical batteries, supercapacitors has many advantages. It can accept unlimited numerous discharge and charge, in other words, the super capacitor is no "memory." However, the general super-capacitors also has its weaknesses, is the energy storage rate is limited, high-end market today supercapacitor energy storage per 0.4536 kg lithium battery is only 1 / 25.
The EEStor supercapacitor development, as barium titanate has sufficient purity, the energy storage capacity greatly increased. EEStor company claimed that the super capacitor energy stored per kilogram of up to 0.28 kwh, compared to lithium batteries is 0.12 kwh per kg, lead-acid batteries only 0.032 kwh, which has been so super-capacitors can be used in electric vehicles from the pacemaker to the modern weapons, and other areas possible. Good lead-acid battery can be charged 500 to 700, according to EEStor's statement, the new super-capacitors can be recharged more than 100 million times, we would not have material degradation problems. And, because it is not a chemical battery, but a solid state energy storage system, lithium does not appear that the risk of overheating or explosion, there is no security risk.
Have commented that the significance of this invention quite significant, the break is not only fundamentally changed the electric vehicle's position in the transport, will also be improved, such as wind, solar and other intermittent energy use performance, thus enhancing the efficiency and power stability, meet the needs of energy security, reduce dependence on oil. Clearly, the break is also developer of the next generation of lithium batteries pose a threat. EEStor company who suggests that their technology is not only applicable to small passenger electric car and replace the 220,500 watts of large cars.
Process and structure of super-capacitors
Super capacitors and electrolytic capacitors in the structure is very similar, their main difference is that the electrode material. Early carbon supercapacitor electrodes, a large surface area carbon electrode material, surface area and size of the capacitor depends on the distance between electrodes, this carbon electrode coupled with a large surface area of small electrodes, the capacitance of supercapacitors can be very large, most of the super-capacitor can be done Farah level, in general, capacity range up to 1-5000F.
Super capacitors usually contain two-electrode, electrolyte, fluid collection, the four components partition. Is the use of porous carbon supercapacitor electrodes and electrolyte composition of the double-layer structure to obtain large electrical capacity. In supercapacitors using activated carbon material into a porous electrode, while the relative between the two porous carbon electrodes filled electrolyte solution, when the voltage is applied at both ends, respectively, relative to the porous electrode gathered electron-positron, and electrolyte solution The positive and negative ions will be gathered in the electric field, positive and negative electrodes, respectively, relative to the interface to form the double-collector layer. Supercapacitors process: mixing ingredients system electrode assembly of cut pieces activation liquid injection test packaging.
The electric cars are facing a positive boom and increase the battery manufacturer by production capacity but this could be a wrong decision. According to experts, the battery supply in the next five years will be twice as high as the demand in the following year. The battery manufacturers in Japan, Korea and the United States want to increase their production tremendously. The management consultancy Roland Berger expects even with an aggressive scenario, that are in demand in 2015 only 0.82 million lithium-ion batteries.
The capacities are the announcements of the manufacturer, however, be at 2.6 million batteries, however, three times as high. The battery manufacturer should be listening to industry analysts who recommend the production and investment power up slowly instead of the same capacity to increase rapidly. According to current projections, it is expected that by 2020 the world from the current 60 battery producers, only stay there six to eight companies. The price and cost pressures will increase and therefore only the large well-funded battery manufacturers will compete in the long run. The cost per kilowatt hour of battery capacity will fall to calculations by the year 2020 by 50 percent. There will be in the future because of high labor costs probably not a purely European battery companies more.
Better Place battery exchange tests Concept
The battery manufacturer Better Place tests in collaboration with the Japanese Nihon Kotsu Taxi Services and Government of Japan for three months, a rechargeable battery pack concept. In the test, three taxis with electric drive through the city and capital of the country. The electric cars are in front of the Mori Tower, waiting for passengers. The passengers are driven almost silently to their goals. The problem of limited coverage is achieved by dead batteries to be replaced with fully charged batteries.
In Tokyo, some 60,000 taxis are on the road and their fuel cost, according to Better Place to around 600 million U.S. dollars a year. The taxis convert to electric drive reduces CO2 emissions and operating costs are lower because of the lack of fuel expenses. In the test vehicles are Nissan SUV, where the battery is attached to the underside and can be replaced so quickly. In the Roppongi district of a corresponding change of station was built where the vehicle is driven in and then the battery is fully automated exchange and it only takes a few minutes. One battery charge will last for a driving range of 300 miles before recharging is required.
Continental starts production of lithium-ion battery
The automotive supplier Continental has begun series production of lithium-ion batteries for hybrid vehicles. The Group made for the development of battery production total investments of over 3 million euros in Nuremberg and was done by the Business Division Powertrain. The production area bel?uftt to about 300 square meters and is sufficient for a production of up to 15,000 batteries a year. However, production can be verzweifacht in a short time. The battery production in Nuremberg has created new jobs and that could be hired over 20 new employees.
At present, most nickel-metal hydride batteries are installed in hybrid vehicles but with the lithium-ion batteries will not only improves performance but also increases the range. The electric motor can supplement the internal combustion engine with its power and braking power is recovered which is a charge of battery. The hybrid vehicles are equipped with an internal combustion engine and gasoline engine. There can be only with the electric motor alone or be driven to the internal combustion engine. The range of the electric motor is 60 to 100 kilometers before recharging the lithium-ion batteries is necessary.
8 years battery warranty minimum
When buying an electric car buyers should pay attention to the warranty of the battery and it should be, according to Ralf Sulzbach of industry service Eurotax Schwacke at least eight years. Because the battery causing a small-or medium-sized car with electric propulsion so average cost of 10,000 euros. If a vehicle owner a damaged battery, already a few months or years after the car purchase to replace their own expense, this would have an enormous negative impact on the residual value of the vehicle.
The electric car manufacturers should protect their clients from financial risks to achieve that cars can establish alternative drives on the market. The claims are the result of a recent study by Eurotax Schwacke, which was presented last Thursday. At present, a powerful electric vehicle like the Twike need at least 15,000 euros to be invested. Only when prices fall, increasing the reach and nationwide charging stations are built, the electric car is a success in the auto market.
The Swabian city of Ulm in Baden-Wurttemberg is to develop into a top location for electric cars. According to the Federal Research Ministry within the next ten years invest about 10 million euro. The money is used for investment in the development of powerful lithium-ion batteries.
The U.S. DOT will pay another 10 to 15 million for the project "electric car Ulm" which for the city are then about 25 million available. According to the federal research minister Annette Schavan (CDU) will in the future, the best electric car in the world are rolling out of German plants. The University of Ulm, and as the center for solar and hydrogen research will receive the financial support of millions. In 2011, the first Ulm are lithium-ion batteries in trading.
Already in six years will have 1 million electric cars on the streets will be on the road, according to the Minister. The federal government promoted the development of electric vehicles and for that nation made around 700 million euros, mostly from the second billion-dollar stimulus package. The industry is making a further contribution of 360 million which will total around 1.06 billion euros available.
Electric car battery manufacturer calls for subsidies
The electric car Akkuhersteler Li-tech calls for public support for an electric car. After the exposure of the company's chief Andreas Gutsch told the Financial Times Germany, should the grant amount to 5000 and limited support in 2012 using two months. This would be twice as much as the scrapping which amounts to 2,500 and is paid until the end of 2009. The countries of China, Britain and France already promote the purchase of electric cars with up to 5700.
The Saxon company Li-Tech is a manufacturer of lithium-ion batteries and has the batteries equipped with an effective fire protection. Fire serves as a ceramic film, and after previous plans to the batteries will soon be used in electric cars. The ceramic membrane was developed in Zusammenabeit with the University of Dusseldorf. According Gutsch could because of lack of safety standards, unsafe batteries on the market and customer confidence in electric vehicles would be threatened if they would see burning cars.
The federal government pays the premium for scrapping old cars for nine years to be scrapped if the car owner buys a new car for it. Under previous rules can not be bought with the electric vehicle premium of 2500 but unfortunately applies only for the purchase of ordinary cars.
Charging stations in parking garages
Lastly, the energy group RWE AG and car park operator Apcoa have agreed to cooperate in the framework of a gas station chain based in parking garages. Owners of electric cars could be charged, for example, during a city stroll the batteries. What prices for the current refueling required RWE has not yet been announced. But it is a green electricity tariff rates and planned with a longer contract commitment. In a first step, the 20 houses of Berlin Park Apcoa be equipped with power charging stations.
Together with Daimler, RWE is also testing the electric version of the Smart. Next to the car parks then get in the cities of Munich, Frankfurt, Hannover, Stuttgart, Hamburg and Dusseldorf also power stations. The car manufacturers and energy suppliers had agreed a few weeks ago on a single charger. The electric cars are the future, but there is a lack of infrastructure that is established with the construction of the charging points in car parks, however. The range of the electric vehicles has increased and the price will be reduced. Because only at high coverage and practical Everyman / woman affordable electric cars can be a success. The construction of a nationwide network of charging stations will take years and requires investment in Milliarddenhohe.
Lenovo ThinkPad T61 Review, Via: laptopsbattery.us blog
Lenovo ThinkPad T61 Review, Via: laptopsbattery.us blog
ThinkPad T61 14.1″ widescreen notebook
Important to note is that this review covers the 14.1″ widescreen version of the T61 series. As with any laptop model series, there are going to be widely varying configurations you can choose that will greatly affect system performance.
Hard Drive: 100GB 7200RPM (Seagate Momentus 7200.1)
Memory: 2GB (1GB x 1GB), up to 4GB max
Ports: 3 USB 2.0, 1 FireWire, Monitor out, modem, Ethernet, headphone out, microphone in
Slots: 1 PC Card Slot, 1 ExpressCard slot (optional media card reader and Smart Card reader)
Optical Drive: Ultra-slim Super-Multi Drive
Dimensions: 13.2″ x 9.3″ x 1.09 - 1.26″ (335mm x 237mm x 27.6 - 31.9mm)
Weight: 5.1lbs
The good: Internal roll cage protects LCD; 802.11n Wi-Fi for faster wireless throughput; very small A/C adaptor adds little to overall travel weight; Intel's Active Management Technology provides remote support.
The bad: New Centrino technology doesn't offer outsize performance gains.
The bottom line:Lenovo's 14-inch ThinkPad T61 shaves a few millimeters off the company's more mainstream R-series laptops, but still boasts the same, solid ThinkPad DNA along with IT-friendly features by way of Intel's new Centrino Pro platform.
Design and Build
The ThinkPad T61 is a premium product with a durable build, it is geared towards business users or simply those willing to pay a bit more to get something that won't fall apart after 1-year of use. For somebody that travels a lot or relies on their notebook to earn a livelihood, the build and reliability factor is probably more important than having the latest and greatest components inside.
The keyboard remains the same between the T61 and T60 meaning it's once again excellent. The only difference is that now there's more room on the keyboard side areas since the notebook body is wider, the speakers have been relocated to this extra real estate. The keyboard is spill proof and has two drain holes to make sure if you do happen to spill your morning Starbucks coffee, the liquid is carried away from sensitive components and out through the bottom of the notebook.
The hard drive is protected within the magnesium roll cage and shock mounted. Even if your T61 is dropped the included Active Protection System (APS) software will work with the on board accelerometer to detect a fall situation and end hard drive activity to prevent data loss.
Screen
The new widescreen format screen for the 14.1″ T-series is either good, bad or somewhere in between depending on your personal preference. Lenovo will try and convince you widescreen offers more screen real estate and so it's better, the reality is the guys making the LCD screens are forcing it down the throats of the PC manufacturers because it's cheaper to make widescreen LCDs.
The particular screen I got is a WXGA+ resolution (1440 x 900). It provides easy viewing and you can fit a good amount on the screen, so no complaints on that front. The screen is crisp and there are no issues with graininess. The matte finish ensures there's little to no glare in office lighting situations.
Processor and Performance
The ThinkPad T61 now uses the Intel Centrino Duo (Santa Rosa) platform. You get a faster processor front side bus (800MHz), more processor cache (4MB) and an improved integrated graphics solution in the form of the Intel X3100. If all that talk is nonsense to you, then suffice it to say the T61 offers newer and better processing components than the T60. Will this performance be perceivable in helping to run MS Word faster? No of course not, but certain processor intensive tasks such as encoding video will be faster. And even if you won't be utilizing every ounce of processing power, just knowing the processor is faster and you're on top of the game is enough to make people like myself want to buy it.
One thing that's always a concern with a new platform is battery life. Reading the first reviews that came out about the T61 sounded like gloom and doom with reports of 2 hour battery life. It seems most of the initial reviews were done using very power hungry dedicated graphics solutions and with a 4-cell battery.
I had the opportunity to test a larger 6-cell battery on an integrated graphics system, and got 3 hours and 41 minutes of battery life under what I would deem normal usage. I was using the T61 with screen brightness set to half or lower, Vista battery optimized setting, wireless off to get this number. In a torture test, I set the screen brightness to top level, put in a DVD (Stargate) and played it until the battery hit 5% and the PC went to sleep 鈥?which happened after exactly 2 hours 15 minutes. I wouldn't call that bad, it'll get you through most movies.
The downside of a 6-cell battery is that it sticks out of the back (see pics) and weighs more, but I'm always be willing to carry a bit more weight for an extra hour of battery life. A positive comment that should be made is the power adapter is nice and small, it's actually the same size as the X60 ultraportable series adapter.
Keyboard / Touchpad / Pointing Stick
The ThinkPad T-series hasn't changed too much over time, and that's a good thing, there's no use changing something that's just right. The ThinkPad keyboard is one of, if not the best, notebook keyboards out there. There's zero flex, every key feels individual, every key has great travel/feedback and the keyboard is full-size.
The T61 has a pointing stick, I love using this and find it much easier than the provided touchpad it makes it so you can move the cursor around the screen without having to lift your hand from the keys, a much faster and easier to control style of input. But the great thing is that if the pointing stick isn't your cup of tea then you've got the touchpad as well.
Wireless
The ThinkPad T61 uses the Intel 4965 wireless chip that offers 802.11 a/b/g/n wireless reception. All of your bases are covered there, and the greater range 802.11n offers is on the table if you have an 802.11n router. The range of the ThinkPad is theoretically greater now that the lid material has changed to plastic too. The antenna is run up through the lid for better reception you see, and the new lid material allows radio waves to reach the antenna more easily. I was only able to test up to 100-feet away from my NetGear WGR614 802.11g wireless router, which I despise for its bad performance and tendency to drop connections, but the T61 worked just fine with it and I never suffered a connection drop and throughput was consistently good.
While high oil prices, as we too concerned about the way to look also on the
hydrogen fuel cell, hybrid and other advanced technologies, the German
mechanical engineers are still "conservative" in the traditional internal
combustion engine to make a fuss. They are not stubborn, when the Germans
applied sophisticated engine technology, the leading small-displacement engine
with turbo technology, much as unexpected effect 鈥?caused by low fuel
consumption of small displacement, turbo brings the sufficient power, the engine
weight reduction effects caused by fuel-efficient is immediate.
Last year, the 62nd Frankfurt International Motor Show, Mercedes-Benz
introduced a pilot model F700, which is a representative of the future
Mercedes-Benz S-class luxury of new technology concept car. The geezer on the
next cars, people's most surprising is not it a luxury configuration, nor is its
leading security technology and control methods, but the first time to equip a
pair of displacement Jin You 1.8L petrol engine. Luxury sedan configuration 1.8L
engine? Pair of small-displacement engine and was able to output 235 horsepower,
the equivalent of a S350 power, it is surprising that its fuel economy is close
to 40mpg, 100 km fuel consumption is only 5.3L, while CO2 emissions are also
considerable well, only the emissions per kilometer 127g, significantly lower
than the existing most advanced internal combustion engine.
We know that low-speed diesel engines, big torque, while the petrol engine
power high-speed high, DiesOtto engine is designed with variable compression
ratio, low-speed diesel engines used similar methods of work with high
compression ratio, high-speed Another question gasoline mode to run. Pair of
Mercedes-Benz F700 engine is the paramount concern, how can 1.8L 4-cylinder 3.5L
engine output power from conventional engines, but can keep a small displacement
engine, fuel economy? The answer is the application of the turbo engine,
Mercedes-Benz F700 is a dual turbo technology.
From the supercharger to the turbo
Most people think the role of turbocharger technology is to enhance power,
indeed since the Saab to the technology from aviation to automotive
applications, the turbo power is linked with the upgrade. The Mercedes-Benz has
long been on the turbo technology is not a cold, has been supercharged stick to
the line, in fact, supercharger and turbocharger has its drawbacks, supercharged
power transfer can not take into account the high output, while the turbine by
pressure in the low turn out is weak and lacks the smoothness of power output.
Although the technology has to overcome these shortcomings, it is clear that the
future of engine technology in addressing the shortcomings of turbo easier.
Thus began the development of Mercedes-Benz turbo engine, and now the new
flagship Mercedes-Benz S600, SL600 is equipped with a 5.5L turbocharged V12
engine. Earlier this year, test drive Mercedes-Benz SL600 in the U.S., when
faced AMG CEO Volker Mornhinweg, he almost invariably sense to us that: AMG
decades has been indulging in engine technology, from supercharged to turbo; but
if we another choice, so I think we will not stick to the road supercharger.
The Mercedes-Benz R & D department is responsible for high-level Thomas
Weber told the media revealed that in the next two years time, that is the end
of 2010, Mercedes-Benz cars will be fully into all the turbo technology.
According to the requirements of the European Commission, European automakers
have continued to improve the environmental performance of the engine, the car
in 2012 from the 178g/km carbon emission reduction to 138g/km, if not meet this
standard, the European Commission will be punished. The Mercedes-Benz to turbo
technology to the attention of the unprecedented height, Thomas Weber clear: the
future, more displacement is smaller, lighter, better fuel consumption and
outstanding performance without compromising in the new engine, gradually adding
the cars. Increase with a small displacement turbo fuel and technology to solve
environmental problems, is the F700 concept car R & D ideas.
Obviously, turbocharged gasoline engine technology is the future that came
out.
BMW also play turbo
If you are an advocate of naturally aspirated engines, turbo-charged and sent
in a time when controversy, BMW is definitely your greatest argument. BMW diesel
models in addition to its models are equipped with all of its naturally
aspirated gasoline engine. BMW's decision to betray the naturally aspirated, but
also had to do this, the potential for civil naturally aspirated engine has been
completely excavated, though the BMW's engine power output is not worse than
rivals, but also look for future power system way out.
Turbocharger turbine is the most unpleasant place to slow late, because there
are some quality turbine, from the foot down to the turbine reaction step on
board a short time, this power is usually of delayed impact drivers mood. The
solution could be to create as small as the lighter the turbine, while BMW's
approach is to use twin-turbo: the straight six engine, the two smaller
turbochargers each supply compressed air for the three cylinder, rather than and
then only with a large turbocharger compressed air supply to all cylinders at
the same time. Dual turbochargers important advantage of the lower turbine
inertia, even if the driver applied the gas pedal on a very small force, the
engine can respond naturally aspirated performance closer.
The new inline 6-cylinder twin-turbo engine and power quite naturally
aspirated 4.0-liter eight-cylinder engine than the light weight of about 70
kilograms. The addition of turbochargers to improve 3.0L straight six, 41 hp,
while torque is 85 Nm to upgrade! Department of cars to BMW3 example: Twin Turbo
models from 0 to 100 km / hour and more than half a second faster in the second
high gear acceleration from 80 to 120 km / h was also significantly reduced, the
most powerful The naturally aspirated model BMW 330i 8.2 seconds to complete
this process takes, but this new model is now just 6.3 seconds.
Usually turbo engine displacement than the naturally aspirated engine with
higher fuel consumption, BMW's solution is to use high-precision fuel injection
technology and dual-turbocharged combination, this high-precision fuel injection
system with power unit than the traditional turbo engine to reduce fuel
consumption by about 10%. Moreover, this technique also the concept of lean burn
direct injection provides a starting point, BMW's engineers can gain experience
from which to successfully optimize the fuel consumption of other power
systems.
Small-displacement turbo is the future trend
Volkswagen is the first small-displacement turbo-charged the practical depot,
equipment in the GOLF GT's 1.4L supercharged engine, the first two-eat crab.
With the help of turbo technology, this pair of displacement of only 1.4L engine
maximum power output to 170 horsepower, torque is reached 240N? M, this is
already a 2.4L naturally aspirated engine output.
The face of double-charging technology to bring high costs, the mass was
removed this vice engine supercharger, turbo retained to develop lower-cost
1.4TSI engine. Despite the supercharger removed and lowered the compression
ratio, but made the maximum power after the 1.4TSI still 96kW/5000rpm, when the
rotational speed can reach 1600 ~ 3300 220N? M of maximum torque, the data is
still higher than many 2.0L naturally aspirated engine, even better. Volkswagen
has just held a "Green Olympics" campaign, announced in the domestic production
1.4TSI engine and DSG dual clutch transmission decisions, 1.4TSI and DSG gearbox
will be made in next year's Super Proton (parameter configuration Gallery)
above. In addition, POLO, Octavia (parameter configuration Gallery) and Sunny
(parameter configuration Gallery) also have the opportunity to use this advanced
engine.
Taiyo Yuden team, "Taiyo Yuden Solar Car Club" (hereinafter referred to as Taiyo Yuden) is participating in home-made solar car endurance rally "2008WorldSolar-CarRallye (WSR)" (2008, 25 July ~ 28, Akita Prefecture slump Village) . Entry for quite a long history of Tokai University Faculty of Engineering, Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hideki Kimura said: "The dye-sensitized solar cells to participate in such well-known solar car rally is the first time in the world."
The scene in the game, other companies, universities than in dye-sensitized solar cell technology developed, researchers have come to admire Taiyo Yuden said: "You use Taiyo Yuden technology did what we did not dare to do" . In general, the dye-sensitized solar cells, in particular, to use film Dianchi durability floor there are problems, if the rally for his loss of Fadian functions halfway out of the race, but the first competition of the selling points will be tainted.
When the last day left in the game (28) of the temporary results in the qualifiers (time trial), including the All Japan Student Solar & FC car Championship (JISFC), including, Taiyo Yuden in all the 32 teams listed 19 position, the middle rank. But the qualifier is the driving distance of only 400m of the "0-400 racing," "not so much the performance of solar cells, solar cells than that issued by the electricity stored in batteries and capacitors in the power and performance of the mechanical parts played by greater role "(a competitor).
To the final end of day 2, Taiyo Yudens solar car driving 200km total distance. As in using only solar power, and the level of the same body size, its results out in the first eight teams 5. Final day on day 1 was clear and strong sunlight. Final 2 days from morning to afternoon had still sunny, cloudy weather this good at fighting Taiyo Yuden solar car that is clearly not, therefore, it is difficult to get this achievement.
On the other hand, dye-sensitized solar cells there are problems with durability. Day 1 in the final, Taiyo Yuden solar car is equipped with 366 solar modules, has occurred in 1 to 2 electrolyte leakage and failure. After the final day 2, another failure of several films. In addition, although not completely invalid, but the performance degradation of the cell, "close to half of the total" (Taiyo Yuden stakeholders), is devastated. "Performance does not decline with the decline in the unit cell wide gap. Because clearly the reasons for performance degradation, so (in the future of dye-sensitized solar cell development) there is no problem" (Taiyo Yuden stakeholders).
But for now, Taiyo Yuden was able to get through the problems facing the final 3 days. 3 day weather forecast said there will be early morning rain, which for fear of heat the dye-sensitized solar cells but more advantageous.
Behind in first place in the solar car is equipped with a satellite with solar cells
In all levels of competition, is currently topping the list of participating JIFSC Ashiya University team "Ashiya University Solar Car program." To the final 2 days, total vehicle travel distance of 1025km, far more than other teams, speed is about 53 ~ 75km / h. Founded in 1993 in this tournament, "Ashiya University, beginning from the 1st to participate, only the absence of the two" (Faculty of Education Associate Professor Sheng Guheng business school). The schools solar car overseas rally won a number of occasions.
The teams cars are equipped with satellite manufactured for the three-junction GaAs solar cell. The price of such solar cells up to ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell 100 times, according to the normal price to buy, need more than 1 million yen. "The Ashiya University in 2005, presented by the U.S. companys substandard goods" (Sheng Valley). Currently, the battery module conversion efficiency of 25%, the maximum total power of solar cars to 1930W.
Draagbare brandstofcel zal een gelukkige ster te worden
Draagbare brandstofcel zal een gelukkige ster te worden
Trends aspect: de grotere, knap, knapper, zonder rekening brengen als, evenals water kraan in de brandstofcel de veelgebruikte lithium-ion batterij wordt beschouwd als trends in de batterij-industrie te vervangen. Vandaag de dag, is een draagbare digitale type apparaat uit naar de komst van brandstofcellen, en daardoor product populariteit te vergroten onder de gebruikers.
Hernieuwde gesprekken brandstofcellen
23e Mei 2008 hebben Franse wetenschappers uitgevonden een soort van mobiele telefoons kan worden gebruikt als een kracht in staat om waterstof brandstofcellen die kunnen worden gebruikt om een verscheidenheid van kleine mobiele apparaten, voeding problemen op te lossen te gebruiken.
Commissie voor Atoomenergie (CEW), onderzoekers gepresenteerde gegevens blijkt dat micro-brandstofcellen met waterstof het vullen van dozen, de grootte past net een beetje lichter. Dit apparaat is bedoeld om een vergoeding voor het oplossen van een groot aantal mobiele apparaten gebrek aan kracht. Project STMicroelectronics in 2005 was de eerste waarin de brandstof te vullen vak deel BIC heeft ontwikkeld, kan de gebruiker de telefoon gebruiken om de traditionele batterijen en brandstofcellen te nemen met een manier om prioriteit te geven aan het gebruik van de traditionele telefoon batterijen, wanneer de stroom is laag weer over te schakelen naar brandstofcellen.
Toevallig, het laatste nieuws en een andere fabrikant van brandstofcellen.
Dit jaar in april, brandstofcel fabrikanten MTIMicro Shang zei het doel van brandstofcellen in draagbare elektrische apparaten gebruikt om lithium-ion batterijen te vervangen in 2007 en Wan Cheng van prototype brandstofcel product Kaifagongzuo 2008, Jiang bouw van een fabriek begon de massaproductie van brandstofcellen . In 2009 zal de eerste brandstofcel op de lijst. Zuid-Koreaanse Samsung Electronics op brandstofcel R & D neemt ook veel moeite, Samsung Electro-Mechanics Research Center, de ambtenaren gezegd, de meeste van de bestaande methanol brandstofcellen wordt gebruikt als brandstof om waterstof te produceren, terwijl Samsung zal het directe gebruik van brandstofcellen is meer veilige en gemakkelijke water om waterstof te produceren als additief. Het is gemeld dat de brandstofcel kunnen gebruikers met gemiddelde omstandigheden voor 10 uur van mobiele stroom te voorzien, is het de verwachting dat het gebruik van "water brandstof" de opwekking van elektriciteit micro brandstofcel kan worden in 2010, de officiële verkoop, mobiele telefoons en koptelefoons.
Eerder, in 2004, de Japanse operator KDDI kondigde Hitachi, Toshiba besloten in juli 2005, KDDI in Japan, draadloze communicatie producten tentoonstelling op het display. In de tussentijd, de Japanse operator NTT is ook een meer in die richting. Hitachi hoopt methanol micro brandstofcel, brandstof is meer innovatieve manieren om toe te voegen, vector lijkt struiken, kogels van dezelfde mensen als u een kijkje in de batterij. Het kan worden gezien in 2000, hebben veel bedrijven begonnen met brandstofcellen te ontwikkelen, maar tot nu toe, mobiele telefoons, laptops en de toenemende populariteit van verschillende mobiele draagbare apparaten, levensduur van de batterij is altijd een hoofdpijn probleem. Brandstofcellen zijn nog niet een volwassen commercieel product.
Waar de kaart is de brandstofcel
In feite, brandstofcellen, in sommige gevallen, om de trend te vervangen lithium-ion batterijen kunnen worden verwacht. Het voordeel van brandstofcellen, batterijen, in vergelijking met dezelfde omvang, is het tijd om de macht te verbeteren meerdere malen. In het algemeen, ongeacht of de mobiele telefoon, laptop, of DC, DV voortdurende vermogen om te werken voortdurend uitgedaagd, 2 tot drie uur in principe moet de accu vervangen, dus dat veel consumenten alleen uitvoeren over lithium-ion batterij voor de voltooiing van deze relais. Te breken dit knelpunt, is de batterij uitgegroeid tot de unanieme keuze van de brandstof.
Volume en de grootte van dezelfde lithium-ion batterijen, lithium-ion batterij biedt gebruikers de mogelijkheid om foto's te nemen 1400 - 2200, zal brandstofcellen worden gebouwd op de 1000e 2800-4 Met brandstofcellen, gebruikers hoeven niet langer te voeren zo veel batterijen had.
Een verhouding van de lithium brandstofcellen "opladen" tijd tot bijna nul teruggebracht. Als lithium-ion batterij kan enkele uren duren, maar brandstofcellen hoeft slechts enkele nieuwe brandstof heffing op de lijn te injecteren. Methanol brandstofcel reactie met zuurstof en methanol voor de energieproductie, de producten, elektronica, water en kooldioxide, zo simpel is. Bovendien zullen de brandstofcel warmte explosie, lithium-ion batterij explosie gebeurde vaak door de jaren heen. Bovendien, brandstofcellen zijn twee aspecten van bescherming van het milieu. Methanol uit aardgas, aardgas is een fossiele gas. Brandstofcellen zal ook vrij kooldioxide, maar kleine, lithium-ion batterijen moeten in staat zijn om steun, die belasting van het netwerk zal toenemen.
Waarom deze batterijen, maar het is altijd moeilijk de geboorte? Aan de ene kant de technische niveau van volwassenheid is nog niet genoeg is, zoals het volume, de vormgeving en "top up"-aanpak over hoe de brandstofcel-systeem naar het mobiele apparaat te integreren, en uiteindelijk komen tot commerciële design niveau, maar het unieke mondiale model. Ook een belangrijke factor in de dure brandstof cellen vele malen hoger dan gewone batterijen, die ook voorkomt het tempo van de brandstof-cel te verspreiden.
Echter, in het algemeen, brandstofcel energiedichtheid theorie voor lithium-ion batterij voor meer dan vijf tot tien keer, is nu technisch maximaal drie tot vijf keer, Bovendien, brandstofcellen, voeding, voltage regulatoren, lading, volledig uit vracht-en beperkingen op de brandstoftoevoer, in plaats van slechts een paar seconden, het verstrekken van groot gemak voor de gebruikers. Dus, micro brandstofcellen, een groot voordeel van marktprikkels en kansen, zeker enorm versnellen van de ontwikkeling van passende technologieën volwassen. Bovendien, brandstofcellen een breed scala van toepassingen, terwijl de apparatuur is draagbaar, kan deze worden vervangen met brandstofcellen.
Nu kan de echte brandstofcellen in aandacht van de consument moet ook rond het jaar 2009, -2010, maar als een trend in de ontwikkeling van de batterijtechnologie, brandstofcellen zal de groene revolutie technologie en milieubescherming te brengen, en de bevordering van andere aanverwante industrie naar een nieuw niveau, terwijl de batterij wordt geladen producten zal ook de verhoging van de ketenen van het lopen.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Tags:Draagbare, brandstofcel, zal een, gelukkige, ster te worden
10-11-2010
Suzhou Industrial Park nano-industry cluster development
Suzhou Industrial Park nano-industrie cluster ontwikkeling
Nano is nu niet een vreemde term. De minimale lengte van de meeteenheid is een uitbarsting van ongekende economische macht. Nanotechnologie is de toepassing van onderzoek in de nano-schaal materiaal eigenschappen en interacties, zodat de materiële wereld van de menselijke kennis en de middelen en het vermogen te transformeren uit te breiden tot de atomen en moleculen. Amerikaanse "Business Week", zoals de 21ste eeuw zal nanotechnologie meest waarschijnlijk belangrijke doorbraken te bereiken in drie grote gebieden van.
In 2007 is het National Nanotechnology International Innovation Park onthuld in het park, het park op het nationale nanotechnologie-industrie voorop. Op dit moment is het Innovation Park, bijna 30 nanotechnologie bedrijven, het aantrekken van meer dan 600 gerelateerde high-tech talent. Innovatie Park in de nano-industrie brengt een aantal gebieden, waaronder medicijnen, nieuwe materialen, nieuwe energie en halfgeleiders verlichting. Park nano-industrie de ontwikkeling van clusters prejudiciële zien een trend.
Zaak LED-verlichting industrie: nieuwe industrie park
LED is een light-emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode) voor de korte, verschillende soorten LED kan worden verzonden vanaf de infrarood tot het blauwe licht van verschillende golflengten tussen, met tienduizenden uren van maximaal 10 miljoen uur aan levensduur, Ook energiebesparing, milieubescherming kwik-vrij, de kleine oppervlakte, snelle respons, hoge seismische kan worden gebruikt bij lage temperaturen omgeving, met een directionele lichtbron, wat resulteert in minder lichtvervuiling, kleurverzadiging en kleurbereik, rijk, etc, Het is ook wel bekend als de eeuw en de nieuwe LED-licht. Halfgeleider-verlichting (LED) in de 21e eeuw, de meest veelbelovende high-tech een van de gebieden.
LED werd uitgevonden in de jaren '60 van de vorige eeuw, maar tot de afgelopen jaren op grote schaal gebruikt. LED heeft last gehad van hoge kosten voor het gebruik van een probleem te bevorderen. Met het veld van de nanotechnologie toepassing in LED-productie, kosten te verlagen, het verbeteren van efficiëntie van het licht mogelijk.
De gegevens tonen aan dat in 2008 de toepassing van de wereldwijde LED-markt zal van 12,5 miljard in 2004 groeien naar 500 miljard dollar. De LED-industrie in 2006 de omzet in China 160 miljard yuan, goed voor 18% van de wereldmarkt, maar de belangrijkste producten zijn nog steeds geconcentreerd in low-end, LED-industrie groot, maar niet sterk. De huidige Olympische "Bird's Nest", "Water Cube" en andere locaties met hoge helderheid 60lm / w voor LED-chip is voorzien door de binnenlandse producenten, achteruitrijden een buitenlandse high-end LED-chips monopoliseren de binnenlandse markt situatie. Dit toont aan dat LED-industrie in China heeft ervaren het kopen van het apparaat, om chips te kopen, koop een stuk van de snelweg extensie, is nu geleidelijk aan met de onafhankelijke productie capaciteit van epitaxiale wafers en chips.
Terwijl in het park, met een beroep op de Suzhou Instituut voor Nano-technologie en talent, Yuan Qu Yi Cheng Li van het aantal Han-Gai Chan Ye keten Shang LED midden van self-innovatie en high-tech onderneming, Qi Zhong Ke Ji Youxiangongsi Zhuanyecongshi Suzhou Navier-Gan substraat wafer Jiqixiangguan Qi Jian, de uitrusting, R & D en industrialisatie, heeft een 20-100um dikke GaN ontwikkeld substraat chip en eigen kunnen produceren meer van HVPE epitaxiale groei systemen, toepassingen met betrekking tot een aantal octrooien voor uitvindingen, het breken van de buitenlandse stroomopwaarts van de Gaoduan technologie monopolie. Optical Co, Ltd Suzhou Nanokristallijne producten zijn voornamelijk gericht op high-power halfgeleiders light-emitting type LED epitaxiale wafers, chips, LD laser chips en aanverwante apparatuur R & D, productie en verkoop. Display Technology Co, Ltd Suzhou Nako is gespecialiseerd in groot formaat LED backlight technologie-en productontwikkeling, productie en verkoop.
LED-verlichting, een nieuwe industriële park. Volgens rapporten, de ontwikkeling van halfgeleider-verlichting industrieel park gelegen in het midden bereikt van de industrie-keten en high-end producten, worden door de invoering van internationaal gerenommeerde toonaangevend in geheugenchips verlichting team en kerntechnologie Guli Yanjiu Suo Keyanrenyuan afgeleid van het bedrijf oprichter, aan te trekken Guonei mature bedrijven zijn verplaatst of de samenwerking het versnellen van de industriële keten integratie, voor 3 jaar in principe gevormd van een volledige industriële keten van halfgeleider-verlichting, verzamelde meer dan 10 ondernemingen, de jaarlijkse output waarde van meer dan een miljard yuan.
Status Nano Innovation Park, de ontwikkeling van gestage vooruitgang bij de opbouw van
Suzhou National Nanotechnology International Innovation Park (hierna te noemen Nano Innovation Park) is het Ministerie van Wetenschap, het Ministerie van Handel en Jiangsu te bouwen, de bouw van het Suzhou Industrial Park om nano-technologie en aanverwante industrieën te ontwikkelen als de sleutel tot internationale samenwerking in R & D en de industrie wordt gekenmerkt door een combinatie van innovatieve technologie park.
Innovatie in wetenschap en onderwijs in de regio Dushu Lake Biologische Nano Science and Technology Park, Innovation Park als een nano-internationale, professionele en technologische vervoerder heeft gebracht samen een groep op hoog niveau van technologie en onafhankelijke intellectuele eigendomsrechten van nano-technologie bedrijven , en steun voor de ontwikkeling van ondernemingen basis van de openbare technologie-platform. Bio Nano Science and Technology Park heeft een oppervlakte van ongeveer 863.000 vierkante meter, de totale oppervlakte van de bouw ongeveer een miljoen vierkante meter, heeft afgerond 100.000 vierkante meter in gebruik is, terwijl bijna 200.000 vierkante meter die in aanbouw was. Suzhou Nano is een onderzoek en planning, met inbegrip van het hoofdgebouw, zijn laboratorium schoonmaken van gebouwen, onderwijs en andere complex gebouw van ongeveer 48.000 vierkante meter is voltooid en in gebruik genomen. Geïnvesteerd 100 miljoen yuan van "de provincie Jiangsu nanotechnologie testen, bewerken, en Gong Cheng-gebaseerde platformen," Yi Cheng Tai Wan Bufen inbouw apparatuur inbedrijfstelling, op hetzelfde tijdstip, het platform Jiang Zhenggequnei alle soorten van wetenschap | Yibiao apparatuur, de inrichting van nanotechnologie Ziyuangongxiang Network platform. Bespoediging van de bouw van infrastructuur, een groot aantal high-end professionals hebben ook aangetrokken tot dit stuk van de hoge grond in de opkomende nanotechnologie. Volgens rapporten, is Nano Innovation Park, het gebruik van nationale, provinciale, gemeentelijke en speciale fondsen om gekwalificeerd personeel aan te trekken beleid, de versterking van de toonaangevende talenten in binnen-en buitenland, haar inspanningen om high-end technisch personeel te brengen, verzameld in nanotechnologie R & D en industrialisatie van de ontwikkeling van de talenten van 600 mensen, waaronder vice-onderzoek en meer dan 100 mensen super-high-end talent, met inbegrip van de Chinese Academie van Wetenschappen, de Derde Wereld Academie van Wetenschappen, City University van Hong Kong, professor Li Shutang, de Chinese Academy van Wetenschappen "Honderd Talenten" 5, "Changjiang Scholar" twee mensen, innovatie en ondernemerschap in de provincie Jiangsu Talent 6, Suzhou voor de talenten van zes mensen, Suzhou Industrial Park in talenten 7. Zai onder leiding van deze professionals, heeft Nano Innovation Park geaccumuleerde bijna 90 octrooiaanvragen, alle niveaus van wetenschap en technologie Jihuaxiangmu meer dan 200 Qizhong U Suzhou Nami de leiding van het project "Nano-Jie Gou Ji Yu's Kuandai spectrum Gao Xiao zonnecel Guanjiankexue Wentiyanjiu "gesteund door de Nationale 973 plan, alle soorten van talenten en technologische projecten voor de financiering van meer dan 100 miljoen yuan.
Bedrijventerrein ontwikkeling is een belangrijke innovatie nanotechnologie kenmerken. Significante resultaten met behulp van de Transformatie Fonds de provincie Jiangsu, Suzhou Industrial Park Industrial Fazhan fonds, seed capital industrie, venture je Touzi, buitenlands en particulier kapitaal Deng Fengxianchuangtou voordeel, Namichuangxin Park gevestigde gediversifieerde investeringen van het bedrijfsleven en financieringsmechanismen combinatie van gunstige beleid, Superior First- klasse industriële innovatie milieu en innovatie incubatie vervoerder talentvolle ondernemers en industriële ontwikkeling aan te trekken, terwijl een beroep op sterke R & D instellingen voor hoger onderwijs Chinese Academie van Wetenschappen en de macht en rijkdom van de wetenschappelijke en technologische prestaties, opgericht door onderzoekers afgeleid uit het bedrijf , de overdracht van technologie, contract ontwikkeling, strategische samenwerking, investeringen in technologie, export van technologie, overdracht van technologie, technologie licenties en andere modi bevordering van de industrialisatie van nanotechnologie. Op dit moment is het Innovation Park, bijna 30 nanotechnologie bedrijven, vormden een cluster van ontwikkeling.
Met de samenwerking en uitwisseling kanalen van steeds rijker en de invoering van een groot aantal buitenlandse personeel, heeft Nano Innovation Park is de opkomst van een groot aantal van hoge kwaliteit internationale samenwerkingsprojecten. In 2008 heeft het Ministerie rapportage Nano Innovation Park, provinciale en gemeentelijke samenwerking projecten in meer dan 40. Momenteel heeft Suzhou Nano door de Universiteit van Californië begonnen met de bouw van nano-technologie internationale laboratoria en actief te bevorderen en te bouwen het Finse National Research Center for Surface Engineering Laboratory van de Universiteit van Hong Kong het bouwen van een nano-fotonica lab.
Volgende doel 's lands grootste nanotechnologie O & O en industrialisatie basis
3 5 jaar bouwen wereldklasse industriële technologische innovatie combinatie van strategische allianties, internationale joint constructie 3 Key Laboratory van drie internationale bouwkunde technologisch onderzoek centrum, de invoering van high-level onderzoek naar nanotechnologie en de ontwikkeling personeel thuis en in het buitenland 300 trok 3.000 binnen-en buitenlandse professionals, verzamelde een groep van ongeveer nano-schaal internationale toonaangevende onderneming technologie om de jaarlijkse output waarde van 10 miljard yuan van nano-technologie-industrie clusters, nano Innovation Park van China's grootste nanotechnologie R & D en industriële basis geworden creëren.
Het is wel verstaan dat de National Nanotechnology International Innovation Park van de "3 +1" modelbouw gebruikt. "3" naar "1 +1 +1 Park basis", dat wil zeggen, de Chinese Academie van Wetenschappen, Suzhou Instituut voor nanotechnologie en nano-Bionics, Suzhou Industrial Park Bio & Nano Technology Park, de Chinese Academie van Nano-tech industrie basis , "1" dat Dushu Lake Onderwijs en Wetenschappen innovatie ruimte voor wetenschappelijk onderzoek en talent koppeling van steun is in de bouw van een aantal wereldklasse ruggengraat van de toonaangevende R & D-instellingen, een aantal innovatieve nano-technologie R & O-bedrijfsprojecten , een groep van hoge kwaliteit nano-technologie Industry Services en uitvoeren van een aantal van nano-technologie van de onderneming, in een set van elementaire applicatie-ontwikkeling, innovatie en technologie-incubators, openbare technologie platform ondersteuning, productontwikkeling en productie, de technische advies en diensten als een van de nano-technologie-intensieve gebieden van innovatie en ondernemerschap.
Het doel voor de Da Dao, park Jiang Jiakuainami R & D en industrialisatie van Jin Du, Genzong nieuwste internationale Yanjiuchengguo, Suoduan kloof met de geavanceerde internationale technologie, Zhongdian zal Kaizhan en de Verenigde Staten, Groot-Brittannië, Finland, Frankrijk, Zwitserland, Singapore, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong en andere plaatsen van het onderzoek instellingen of brancheorganisaties, in het bijzonder met inbegrip van de Silicon Valley Chinees-Amerikaanse Semiconductor Professional Association, de Verenigde Staten en West-bio-geneeskunde verenigingen, Huayuan Wetenschap en Technologie Vereniging, Monte Jade Wetenschap en Technologie Vereniging, IBM, Symyx Corp, GCS, Universiteit van Pennsylvania, Yale University College of Engineering College, University of California, Los Angeles, New York State University College of Albany Nanoscale Science and Engineering Campus, Universiteit van Washington College of Chemistry, University of Southern California Department van Electronic Engineering, Harvard University, "Lieber Research Group", de Verenigde Staten Nanotechnologie Alliance, de internationale halfgeleider-apparatuur en materialen Industry Alliance Universiteit van Toronto, Canada, de Europese Technologie Platform Nano Geneeskunde (ETP), in het noordoosten van Engeland nanotechnologie onderzoeksinstellingen en het Finse National Technology Agency Fenlannami programma's van het agentschap, de Franse Nationale Science Center van de Universiteit van Manchester, de Duitser Paul-Drude Instituut voor Solid State Electronics, Nationaal Instituut voor Micro-elektronica van Singapore, Singapore Institute of Materials Science and Technology Bureau, STM, nano -elektronische samenwerking Universiteit van Tokyo Research Center, Chiba University, Japan, Zuid-Korea National Nanofabrication Centre, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Optoelectronics | laserapparatuur Technology Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Nano Technology Center. Tegelijkertijd te brengen in meer high-level talenten, bouwen internationale normen van de intellectuele eigendom bescherming van het milieu, en bouwen een wereld-klasse industrie service systeem, ter ondersteuning van de duurzame ontwikkeling van de industrie.
Populaire gebieden van nanotechnologie R & D
Nanometer productieproces en structurele materialen is de grootste nanotechnologie toepassingen. Quantum ontwikkelde de werkingssfeer van nano metaalpoeders kan worden gebruikt in brandstofcellen, waterstof batterijen, lucht conversie systeem; Dallas en Princeton University's onderzoeksteam ontwikkelde een enkelwandige koolstof nanobuisjes gebruikt kunnen worden in het geheugen apparaten en duurzame buizen nodig van magnetische nanostructuren. Nano-akoestische engineering onderzoek dat onlangs een rubber geproduceerd, heeft zowel buigen en strekken eigenschappen van rubber, maar ook de geleidbaarheid van massief metaal.
Voedsel-en Landbouworganisatie
Denemarken Fulisilan food bedrijven zwaar geïnvesteerd in onderzoek met behulp van nanotechnologie controle het gistingsproces van kaas met meel; Noors Instituut voor Technologie is het testen in voedsel verpakkingsmaterialen nano-deeltjes toe te voegen aan de tijd en de kwaliteit van conservering te verhogen.
Nano-elektronische materialen en computerapparatuur
Vervorming van koolstof nanobuisjes kunnen worden gebruikt in de synthese is niet gemakkelijk, hoge bedrijfszekerheid speed, high-density geheugen materialen en hun componenten, elektronische componenten van dit materiaal is niet alleen bestand tegen straling, en zeer weinig energie, het zorgt voor een betere computing-platforms , aanzienlijk te verhogen van de capaciteit van computerapparatuur, met name voor de toekomst van draagbare computerapparatuur.
Gezondheid en gezondheidszorg
De Verenigde Staten over de toepassing van nanotechnologie vraag naar medische en sanitaire producten steeg met 50% per jaar in 2009 zal bereiken 6,5 miljard dollar. Is in klinische ontwikkeling podium met halfgeleider nano-katalysatoren om artsen te helpen met het blote oog kanker beelden, makkelijk te vroege kanker te vinden; Luogesite farmaceutisch bedrijf, is Eco-Tru Corporation ontwikkeling van het gebruik van nanotechnologie zijn naar een nieuwe besmettelijke ziekte methoden bevatten.
Energie
Voor het oplossen van de opslag van vloeibaar waterstof kan alleen een paar dagen het probleem, het Amerikaanse ministerie van Energie National Laboratory is het ontwikkelen van het gebruik van koolstof nano-filtratie materiaal om waterstof uittreksel uit ammoniak, een nieuw proces voor de toekomst om de ammoniak vorm , gemakkelijker, comfortabeler opslag en transport van vloeibare waterstof. Wetenschappers met behulp van nanotechnologie en de ontwikkeling van fotovoltaïsche cellen 100 keer de huidige energie-efficiëntie van zonnepanelen.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Tags:Suzhou, Industrial, Park, nano industry, cluster, development
08-11-2010
Japan fuel cell vehicles information
Japan fuel cell vehicles information
Japan: development of hydrogen stations by 2010 to promote universal
standards for fuel cell vehicles
Toyota and Nippon Oil to participate in the fuel cell universal body fuel
cells Promotion Agreement would announced on July 4, 2010 will be developed to
supply hydrogen fuel cell cars hydrogen station standard. To unify the
industrys hydrogen filling pressure and filling, the standards, promote the
commercialization process. Will be initiated in 2015 to establish commercial
hydrogen refueling station, to promote the popularization of fuel cell
vehicles.
The plan by the automobile manufacturers such as Toyota and Honda, and Nippon
Oil and Tokyo Gas and other members of the cooperation agreement will be fuel
cell vehicle development operations of 12 companies.
The car companies are developing hydrogen fuel cell vehicle filling pressure
varies. In the future, will be centered on the 12 companies to develop methods
of filling pressure and filling the standard specification in order to be able
to use common equipment hydrogenation. Hydrogen refueling station for the
promotion of the business process, will start low-cost equipment
development.
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